Earth Science Reference Tables Properties of Water

Liquid water can store more heat energy than an equal amount of any other naturally occurring substance because liquid water

• covers 71% of the Earth's surface

• has its greatest density at 4 degrees C

• has the higher specific heat

• can be changed into a solid or gas

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which phase change requires water to gain 2260 joules per gram?

• solid ice melting

• liquid water freezing

• liquid water vaporizing

• water vapor condensing

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Equal masses of granite, copper, and lead are placed in sunlight. Based on specific heat, which material will heat up the fastest?

• granite

• iron

• copper

• lead

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

During which phase change will two grams of water release 668 joules of heat energy?

• melting

• freezing

• vaporization

• condensation

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Specific heat is used to explain why different substances

• sink or float in water

• change temperature at different rates

• vaporize or condense at different temperatures

• melt and freeze at the same temperature

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

During which phase change is the greatest amount of energy absorbed from the environment by 1 gram of water?

• melting

• evaporation

• freezing

• condensation

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Which substance has the highest specific heat?

• copper

• granite

• iron

• lead

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Water loses energy when it changes from a

• gas to liquid

• solid to liquid

• solid to gas

• liquid to gas

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

How many joules are required to evaporate 1 gram of boiling water?

• 1 J

• 80 J

• 334 J

• 2260 J

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

What is the total number of joules required to melt 100 grams of ice at 0 degrees C to liquid water at 0 degrees C?

• 5,400 J

• 8,000 J

• 33,400 J

• 222,000 J

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4