Quiz about Gene Expression and Mutations

Question 1

Which processes are involved in gene expression (select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

Translation

Accepted Answer

Transcription

Answer

DNA Replication

Answer

RNA Synthesis

Question 2

Ricin is a naturally occurring, powerful poison that affects eukaryotic organisms. Large mammals that ingest small amounts of ricin can die within three to five days. Studies have concluded that ricin stops the movement of a ribosome along a specific molecule. This specific molecule has been labelled Molecule X in the diagram.
What is the name of molecule X?

What is the name of molecule X?

Accepted Answer

C - mRNA

Answer

A - rRNA

Answer

B - tRNA

Answer

D - pre-mRNA

Question 3

Ricin is a naturally occurring, powerful poison that affects eukaryotic organisms. Large mammals that ingest small amounts of ricin can die within three to five days. Studies have concluded that ricin stops the movement of a ribosome along a specific molecule. This specific molecule has been labelled Molecule X in the diagram.
What is the name of molecule X?

Eukaryotic organisms die from ricin poisoning because the ricin immediately causes

Accepted Answer

D - the process of protein synthesis in cells to stop

Answer

A - nerve damage to motor neurons

Answer

B - the process of mitosis in the cells to stop

Answer

C - irreversible damage to DNA in the nuclei of cells

Question 4

In eukaryotes, proteins that help the RNA polymerase bind to the regulatory region for transcription are called ____________.

Accepted Answer

transcription factors

Answer

topoisomerase

Answer

regulatory genes

Answer

activators

Question 5

Regulatory proteins (transcription factors) may

Accepted Answer

either encourage or prevent transcription

Answer

encourage transcription

Answer

prevent transcription

Answer

stop transcription once its started

Question 6

The study of the inherited changes in gene expression that occur without a change in gene sequence and influence how an organism's genes express themselves. Mechanisms are influenced by food and environment. They play an important role in the fetal basis of adult disease susceptibility.

Accepted Answer

epigenetics

Answer

bionomics

Answer

genomics

Answer

genetics

Question 7

Protein molecules around which DNA is tightly coiled in chromatin

Accepted Answer

histones

Answer

casein

Answer

nucleosome

Answer

chromosome

Question 8

A chemical modification of DNA that does not affect the nucleotide sequence of a gene but makes that gene less likely to be expressed.

Accepted Answer

methylation

Answer

activators

Answer

acetylation

Answer

proteins

Question 9

Epigenetics refers to changes in:

Accepted Answer

Gene expression

Answer

DNA sequence

Answer

Gene structure

Answer

DNA frequency

Question 10

A mutation refers to

Accepted Answer

a change in the base sequence of DNA

Answer

the change in the shape of the protien resulting from a gene

Answer

a change in the base squence of mRNA

Answer

a change in the amino acid sequence of a protein

Question 11

What are the three types of mutations?

Accepted Answer

Insertion, Deletion, Substitution

Answer

Aberration, Deletion, Substitution

Answer

Inversion, Duplication, Insertion

Answer

Insertion, Duplication, Substitution

Question 12

Mutations can be:

Accepted Answer

All of the Above

Answer

Harmful

Answer

Beneficial

Answer

Neutral

Question 13

Why are insertion and deletion mutations so harmful?

Accepted Answer

They change all of the codons following the mutation, which changes the amino acid sequence

Answer

They insert things that an organism doesn't need.

Answer

They often delete things that organisms need.

Answer

Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.

Question 14

Original DNA = TAC GAC TTG AAT

Mutated DNA = TAC GTA CTT GAA T

What type of mutation has occurred?

Accepted Answer

Frameshift mutation due to adding extra base

Answer

Chromosomal mutation

Answer

Point mutation

Answer

Frameshift mutation due to deletion of base

Question 15

What type of chromosomal mutation occurred?

Accepted Answer

chromosomal translocation

Answer

chromosomal insertion/duplication

Answer

chromosomal deletion

Answer

chromosomal inversion

Question 16

The codon table can be used to determine the sequence of amino acids coded for by a nucleotide sequence.

The following nucleotide occurs on the template strand of a DNA molecule.

AAA GCT ACC TAT CGG TTA

In a mutation, the eighth nucleotide in this sequence was changed from C to T. What would be the result of this mutation?

Accepted Answer

A - The peptide chain would be shortened.

Answer

B - The third amino acid would change from Thr to Ile.

Answer

C - The fourth amino acid would change from Ile to Tyr.

Answer

D - There would be no change in the amino acid sequence.

Question 17

PCR is primarily used for

Accepted Answer

making many copies of a section of DNA

Answer

Destroying DNA

Answer

analysing the sequence of DNA

Answer

analysing the structure of DNA

Question 18

Which is the correct order for the PCR process

Accepted Answer

denaturation, annealing, elongation

Answer

denaturation, elongation, annealing

Answer

annealing, elongation, denaturation

Answer

annealing, denaturation, elongation

Question 19

What is PCR used for

Accepted Answer

genetic testing

Answer

paternity testing

Answer

all of these options

Answer

DNA profiling

Question 20

What happens during the denaturing step of a PCR reaction

Accepted Answer

The DNA double helix is separated into two single strands

Answer

DNA nucleotides on each backbone are broken apart

Answer

A heat tolerant polymerase initiates the copying of each strand of DNA

Answer

DNA primers attache to the 3' ends of the target sequence

Question 21

In gel electrophoresis, which direction do the DNA fragments move?

Accepted Answer

negative to positive electrodes

Answer

negative to negative electrodes

Answer

positive to negative electrodes

Answer

the DNA doesn't move, the gel does

Question 22

Choose the correct term to match the definition:

short nucleic acid that provides a starting point for DNA synthesis during PCR

Accepted Answer

primer

Answer

short tandem repeat

Answer

agarose gel

Answer

Taq polymerase

Question 23

A student performed a gel electrophoresis experiment. The results are represented in the diagram

below. Compared to the fragments at the top of the gel, the fragments at the lower end are

Accepted Answer

smaller, and move faster

Answer

larger, and move slower

Answer

larger, and move faster

Answer

smaller, and move slower

Question 24

Which is the primary purpose of using restriction enzymes in gel electrophoresis?

Accepted Answer

It allows the strands of DNA to be cut into various lengths for testing

Answer

It restricts the number of base pairs that can be tested in a sample

Answer

It makes the testing simpler by moving the strands into the gel faster

Answer

It charges the DNA strands

Question 25

A Transgenic organism is an organism that is genetically engineered by inserting a gene from another organism

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 26

DNA is cleaved from the plasmid DNA with a restriction enzyme and joined together with DNA from another organism by DNA ligase.

Accepted Answer

recombinant DNA technology

Answer

gel electrophoresis

Answer

polymerase chain reaction

Answer

restriction enzymes

Question 27

What is DNA sequencing?

Accepted Answer

The process of identifying the order of the bases in DNA

Answer

The total of genes carried by an individual or cell

Answer

Coding genes in order to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms

Answer

Deciphering the functions of various parts of the human genome

Question 28

Several procedures involved in the creation of a transgenic organism are listed.

1. A specific gene of interest is identified in DNA.

2. The DNA fragment is placed in a plasmid.

3. The DNA fragment of interest is isolated.

4. The plasmid is transferred to a bacterial cell.

5. A plasmid is cut by a restriction enzyme.

Which selection represents the correct order of events in creating a transgenic organism?

Accepted Answer

1, 3, 5, 2, 4

Answer

1, 3, 2, 4, 5

Answer

3, 5, 2, 4, 1

Answer

3, 1, 4, 2, 5

Question 29

In order to insert a human gene into plasmid, both must

Accepted Answer

be cut by the same restriction enzyme.

Answer

code for the same gene product.

Answer

originate from the same type of cell.

Answer

have identical sequences.

Question 30

The following sequence is a known GENE MUTATION that geneticists would like to remove. What would be the guide RNA they need to build into a CRISPR-Cas9 enzyme?

TTA CCG

Accepted Answer

AAU GGC

Answer

AAT GGC

Answer

TTA CCG

Answer

GCC ATT

Question 31

When genetically modifiying an organism, it is impornat that the gene is inserted into the single celled embrio of an organsims rather than the mature organism. This is because:

Accepted Answer

The gene of interest will be carried by every cell in the organism.

Answer

The modification needs to be passed to the offspring

Answer

the gene of interest has less chance of being mutated

Answer

the gene of interest will be expressed.

Gene Expression and Mutations

41 questions

Only a small fraction of (a) in a cell are ever expressed. Each cell is (b) to carry out a certain task and will only need to express (c) genes. (d) is the process by which specific genes are (e) to produce a required protein.

Which processes are involved in gene expression (select all that apply)

Match the following

What are the coding regions of a gene called?

What are the intervening non coding regions of a gene called?

The image shows a ribosome move along a molecule. This must be an image of translation occurring, therefore the molecule must be mRNA.

The image shows translation occurring. Therefore ricin affects the process of protein synthesis.

In eukaryotes, proteins that help the RNA polymerase bind to the regulatory region for transcription are called ____________.

Regulatory proteins (transcription factors) may

The study of the inherited changes in gene expression that occur without a change in gene sequence and influence how an organism's genes express themselves. Mechanisms are influenced by food and environment. They play an important role in the fetal basis of adult disease susceptibility.

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Gene Expression and Mutations

41 questions

Only a small fraction of ​ (a) in a cell are ever expressed. Each ​cell is ​ (b) to carry out a certain task and will only need to express ​ (c) genes. ​ (d) is the process by which specific genes are ​ (e) to produce a required protein.

Which processes are involved in gene expression (select all that apply)

Match the following

What are the coding regions of a gene called?

What are the intervening non coding regions of a gene called?

The image shows a ribosome move along a molecule. This must be an image of translation occurring, therefore the molecule must be mRNA.

The image shows translation occurring. Therefore ricin affects the process of protein synthesis.

In eukaryotes, proteins that help the RNA polymerase bind to the regulatory region for transcription are called ____________.

Regulatory proteins (transcription factors) may

The study of the inherited changes in gene expression that occur without a change in gene sequence and influence how an organism's genes express themselves. Mechanisms are influenced by food and environment. They play an important role in the fetal basis of adult disease susceptibility.

Create a free account and access millions of resources

Similar Resources on Wayground

Popular Resources on Wayground

Discover more resources for Science

Only a small fraction of (a) in a cell are ever expressed. Each cell is (b) to carry out a certain task and will only need to express (c) genes. (d) is the process by which specific genes are (e) to produce a required protein.