AP Biology Topic 8.2 Energy Flow Through Ecosystems

A lizard eats a cricket which eats grass.

What trophic level is the lizard in this food chain?

• Primary Producer

• Primary Consumer

• Secondary Consumer

• Tertiary Consumer

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

What trophic level is positioned at the bottom of the pyramid?

• decomposers

• primary consumers

• primary producer

• apex predator

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Which of the following can be considered primary producers? Select all that apply.

• Rocks

• Algae

• Cactus

• Grass

• Snake

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

What percent (%) of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next?

• 5%

• 10%

• 15%

• 20%

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Algae generate 84,000 kcals of tissue. Which of the following represents the amount of energy available for primary consumers in the food chain? Remember the 10% rule!

• 84,000 kcals

• 8,400 kcals

• 840 kcals

• 84 kcals

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

An eagle that is a tertiary consumer can access 30 kcal/m^2/year in a forest ecosystem. How much energy is converted by the primary producers in this ecosystem?

• 30,000 kcal/m^2/year

• 30 kcal/m^2/year

• 300,000 kcal/m^2/year

• 3 kcal/m^2/year

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

An arctic food web is shown. Suppose that the lemming population is removed from the web. Which of the following would be a likely short-term effect of this change?

• The arctic fox population will increase.

• The polar bear population will increase.

• The caribou population will decrease.

• The snowy owl population will decrease.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

A team of ecologists observed feeding patterns of several populations in the desert. Which of the following best explains the difference in the amount of available energy in the trophic levels of the desert ecosystem?

• There is less energy in the producers because they are at the bottom.

• There is more energy in the producers because they provide energy for all the consumers in the ecosystem.

• There is more energy available in the tertiary consumers because they need the energy to hunt.

• There is more energy in the level containing the top predators because they are larger in size.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Read the following passage to answer the question that follows.

Ducks and snails often eat grass and algae in freshwater ponds. The snails are eaten by mice and ducks. Foxes prefer to eat mice but will eat a duck if the opportunity arises.

Which of the following food chains correctly represents the information in the passage?

• snails --> algae --> mice --> fox

• fox --> ducks --> mice --> algae

• grass --> snails --> mice --> fox

• fox --> duck

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

In the food web provided, which organism is considered an omnivore?

• Grasshopper

• Frog

• Mouse

• Hawk