Evolution and Dna

 Populations change naturally over time. Which mechanism is a method of artifical selection rather than natural selection?

• genetic drift
• natural selection
• selective breeding
• geographic isolation

About 96% of the information in human DNA is found in gorilla DNA. This evidence supports which statement?

• Humans evolved from gorillas.
• Gorillas and humans diverged from a common ancestor.
• As gorillas evolve, they will become more similar to humans.
• Gorillas and humans are too different for meaningful genetic comparisons.

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 Why are many bacterial infections more difficult to treat now than they were fifty years ago?

• Because there are more types of bacteria now.
• Because bacteria have evolved resistance to antibiotics.
• Because bacteria reproduce at greater rates than in the past, since there are more people on earth.
• Because treatment of virus infections consumes many antibiotics that were formerly used only for bacteria.

 Peppered moths come in two colors, black and white. What did Kettlewell show, with regard to peppered moth populations and tree coloring? (Recall that England at the time was heated mainly by coal in urban areas.)

• In smoggy areas, dark moths have a higher survival rate than white moths.
  
• White moths stand out in rural areas, and quickly disappear from those areas.
  
• The black moth and white moth forms were actually two different species of moths.
  
• Environmental conditions do not affect physical features of a species over a short time period.

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 Which term is used to descibe body structures that look alike and serve a similar function but are not descended from a common ancestor?

• analogous structures
• vestigial structures
• evolutionary features
• homologous structures

 What did Charles Darwin mean when he stated that some organisms were 'more fit' than other organisms?

• some organisms were heavier and stronger
• some organisms were more likely to reproduce
• not all organisms had the same natural life span
• not all organisms were equally suited to gathering food

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Despite their differences in appearance, all bony fish have common ancestors. Their fins develop from similar structures and usually have a prescribed number of bones. Because of this, the large rudder-like dorsal fin of a sailfish, the poisonous dorsal fin of a catfish, and the tiny reduced dorsal fin of a puffer fish are said to be ________ structures.

• vestigial
• analogous
• homologous
• evolutionary

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Which term describes body structures in different organisms that have different outward appearances but develop from the same embryonic tissues?

• homologous
• divergent
• convergent
• vestigial

Which statement best describes evolution

• Organisms will choose beneficial traits to pass on to their offspring.
• Individuals will change as the environment changes.
• Populations will inherit small changes over long amounts of time.
• Organisms will change their behaviors to become better adapted to their environment.

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Two organisms that are closely related would have

• very similar DNA sequence
• exactly the same DNA sequences
• no proteins in common
• completely different DNA sequence

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