Cytology

In a histological specimen is observed a human somatic cell in the metaphase of mitotic cell division. How many chromosomes form the metaphase plate, taking into account that every chromosome contains two sisterly chromatids?

• 48

• 92

• 23

• 46

• 24

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Cytochemical investigation has shown high concentration of hydrolytic enzymes in the cytoplasm of cells. The activity of which organelles does this fact indicate?

• Endoplasmic reticulum.

• Mitochondria.

• Polysomes.

• Lysosome.

• Centrosome

In the course of a scientific experiment a researcher destroyed a structure of one of cell parts, which broke cell division capacity. Which structure has been affected?

• Microfibrilles.

• Centrosome.

• Glycocalix.

• Golgi apparatus.

• Mitochondria.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Prolonged influence of toxic substances on the organism led to considerable protein synthesis decrease in hepatocytes. Which organelles have suffered of intoxication most of all?

• Mitochondria.

• Rough endoplasmic reticulum.

• Microtubules.

• Lysosomes.

• Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

A ribosomal structure has been affected in a cell. What processes will suffer first of all?

• Synthesis of nucleic acids.

• Synthesis of carbohydrates.

• Synthesis of protein.

• Synthesis of lipides.

• Synthesis of mineral substances.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Electron microscopy reveals the cell in which nucleolus and nuclear envelope are absent. Chromosomes are freely disposed in cytoplasm, centrioles migrate to poles of the cell. What phase of cell cycle is it?

• Anaphase

• Prophase

• Metaphase

• Telophase

• Interphase

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

For laboratory investigations a smear of the oral cavity epithelium is taken by spatula. What is the probable method of the cell division in this tissue?

• Only by mitosis

• Only by amitosis

• Mitosis and amitosis

• Mitosis and endomitosis

• Meiosis and amitosis

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

If you could mark and count all PMNs (neutrophils) released from the hematopoietic marrow of a normal, healthy individual in one day and then immediately inventory the marked cells free in the blood and in connective tissue, you'd find a deficit: more cells are released than show up in your inventory. The chief explanation for this is:

• Margination.

• Apoptosis.

• Endomitosis.

• Hemostasis.

• Differentiation.

A large number of cisterns flattened in the center and extended on the periphery and small vesicles with secretory granules were found in the biopsy hepatocytes during the electron microscopic study of the biliary pole. Name of this organelle is:

• Lysosomes

• Endoplasmic reticulum

• Pinocytotic vesicles

• Microtubules

• Golgi apparatus

The patient was hospitalized in the hospital with poisoning. It was established that the detoxification processes were disordered in the liver. Which organelles of hepatocytes were injured?

• Golgi apparatus

• Ribosomes

• Mitochondria

• Agranular endoplasmic reticulum

• Granular endoplasmic reticulum

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-3