Keystone Biology Basic Biological Principles

A scientist observes a single-celled organism with several long, whip-like tails. Which function do the whip-like tails most likely perform for the organism?

• defense against predators

• movement through an environment

• detection of the location of a light source

• measurement of atmospheric temperature changes

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NGSS.MS-LS1-2

In order for medicine X to produce the effects that the researchers observed, it must have entered into which part of the targeted cells?

• nucleus

• ribosome

• golgi apparatus

• rough endoplasmic reticulum

Which characteristic is shared by both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

• have organ systems

• make their own food

• contain genetic material

• need oxygen gas to breathe

Most prokaryotes and eukaryotes maintain a reserve of ATP. Which feature of prokaryotes and eukaryotes makes the ATP reserve necessary?

• They have cell membranes.

• They can change over time.

• They use energy to function.

• They have the ability to reproduce

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Which structure and function are common to all plants and some protists and distinguish them from all animals?

• chloroplasts that conduct photosynthesis

• mitochondria that conduct photosynthesis

• chloroplasts that conduct cellular respiration

• mitochondria that conduct cellular respiration

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NGSS.HS-LS2-5

The function of which human organ is most like the cell walls of bacteria?

• heart

• liver

• pancreas

• skin

Which characteristic is shared by all prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms?

• the ability to reproduce asexually

• the ability to make their own food

• the need for a source of energy

• the need for oxygen for respiration

Life functions are performed at many levels of biological organization. Which level of biological organization is the simplest level at which a structure can support life functions?

• cell

• tissue

• organelle

• organ system

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NGSS.MS-LS1-1

Which statement best explains why these cells have structural differences?

• The cells have different functions.

• The cells evolved in different organisms.

• One of the cells develops into the other type of cell.

• One of the cells is more primitive than the other cell.

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Which statement best describes a difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?

• The presence of both DNA and ribosomes in prokaryotic cells indicates that they are more complex than eukaryotic cells

• The larger size of prokaryotic cells indicates that they are more complex than eukaryotic cells

• The presence of membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotic cells indicates that they are more complex than prokaryotic cells

• The larger size of eukaryotic cells indicates that they are more complex than prokaryotic cells