AP Biology Unit 7

According to fossil records, the horses that lived 50 million years ago were much smaller, weaker and slower than modern horses. Which process is most likely responsible for the changes that have led to the increased size, strength, and speed in horses?

• commensalism

• inbreeding

• migration

• evolution by natural selection

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Survival of at least a few members of a population after a major environmental change is most dependent on

• the population having an individual that is adapted to the original environment

• the population having an individual that is adapted to great changes in the temperature in its environment

• variations in many different traits in many individuals in the population

• no variations in the color of the fur, skin, or feathers of the individuals in the population

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A gene pool is

• all of the alleles in an individual

• all of the alleles in a population

• a body of water filled with fish

• all of the bases in one strand of DNA

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Those individuals in a population better equipped to survive will produce more offspring

• genetic creation

• offspring destruction

• bottle neck effect

• natural selection

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the formation of a new species due to geographic separation

• allopatric speciation

• mutual relationship

• modifying selection

• specification

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All populations overpopulate, then they compete for resources, natural variations in traits help some survive better, the population over time contains more with successful adaptations. This is known as

• natural selection

• population removal

• hardy weinberg equilibrium

• DNA mutation

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Which of the following is an example of natural selection?

• Bald Eagles are hunted until near extinction, population recovers.

• Small group of iguanas floats to an island, starts a new population.

• Red fox pups are more likely to survive in a snowy environment if they are born white.

• Farmer chooses seeds from largest apples to plant next year. This results in larger apples from year to year.

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Structures with the same parts have different functions; suggests that organisms share a common ancestry

• vestigial structures

• homologous structures

• adaptive radiation

• fossil

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Study of embryos of various organisms to show a common ancestor because of similarities in development

• natural selection

• embryology

• speciation

• evolution

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How do fossils provide evidence that evolution has happened on Earth?

• Fossils show how the sizes of certain animals has changed drastically over millions of years

• Fossils show that some species have gone extinct

• Fossils show how life forms present today are different than those from the past

• Different sedimentary rock layers provide evidence for how the environment has changed over time

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