5.9c

Which of these might cause a forest habitat to become a desert?

• No rain

• Flooded rivers

• High winds

• Hot summers

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In one study, scientists found that the number of raccoons increased where people built homes in the raccoons’ habitats. Which of the following is the MOST LIKELY reason why the number of raccoons increased?

• Raccoons no longer lived in wild areas

• Raccoons found more food living near humans

• More predators of raccoons live near people’s homes

• People destroyed raccoon habitats when they built homes

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What might happen if the habitat of white-tailed deer decreases in size?

• White-tailed deer will have more food

• The number of white-tailed deer the habitat can support will decrease

• The number of white-tailed deer will increase

• Weaker white-tailed deer will survive longer

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A certain type of wildflower grew in a sunny meadow. Over several years, nearby trees formed a shade canopy over the entire meadow. Many years later, the wildflowers no longer grew in the meadow. Which factor directly led to the extinction of this population of wildflowers?

• The building of large cities

• Pollution from nearby homes

• Overpopulation of plant-eating organisms

• A change in the wildflower’s habitat

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A woodland is cut down so a shopping center and many new houses can be built over the next two years. What will MOST LIKELY occur in the local ecosystem in the next five years?

• Wildlife will compete less for food

• More species of birds will live there

• Water levels will be lower when it rains

• Rain will wash more pollution into creeks

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Highways allow people to travel between towns and cities. These highways also divide ecosystems into smaller pieces. Animals can become separated from lakes they use for breeding. For example, tiger salamanders travel long distances to breed at certain lakes. How could highway systems affect animals such as the tiger salamander?

• Tiger salamander habitats may be exposed to less pollution

• Tiger salamanders may be cut off from important resources

• Tiger salamanders could improve their ability to remember roads

• Tiger salamander habitats within ecosystems could become larger

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

A foreign insect is introduced into the Texas. It eats a lot of leaves, and trees start to become leafless. Many different animals feed on the new insect, but even they cannot control its numbers. Eventually, trees begin to die. Why would a rapid increase of the new insect population cause certain species of herbivores to vanish or be fewer in number?

• They would not have enough to eat. 

• They would not have enough space to live.

• They would not have tree bark to eat.

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A manatee is a water-dwelling herbivore on the list of endangered species. If manatees were to become extinct, what would be the most likely result in areas where they had lived?

• Certain producer organisms would become more abundant in the area.

• Other manatees would move into the area and restore balance.

• Predators in the area would have more food to eat.

• The area would not be affected.

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How would beavers building a dam cause an increase in the fish population? The dam

• blocks a river and creates a lake.

• causes predators to hunt more fish.

• forces many birds to leave the ecosystem.

• removes trees from around the river.

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Scientists are concerned about overfishing of shark populations. Sharks feed on rays and rays feed on scallops. Without sharks, rays consume all the scallop beds. This situation demonstrates that:

• humans can improve an ecosystem by removing predators.

• humans can upset an ecosystem by removing species.

• reducing the shark population increases the quantity of scallops that can be taken.

• sharks are not important for the stability of the ecosystem.

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