Biology STAAR EOC Review

The chemical colchicine disrupts cell division. Which cell process would most likely stop if colchicine were added to a culture of human liver cells?

• mitosis

• meiosis

• crossing over

• active transport

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Which statement best explains why animals are considered heterotrophic?

• They are able to produce food through the process of photosynthesis.

• They are able to produce food through the process of respiration.

• They are able to obtain nutrients by decomposing plant and animal tissue.

• They are able to obtain nutrients by consuming other organisms or their products.

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Which effect could a mutation in mRNA have on the production of proteins?

• The protein produced will have a different identity.

• The protein produced will have a coiled shape.

• The protein produced will produce excess nitrogen.

• The protein produced will produce excess water.

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Which word equation best represents the process of cellular respiration?

• carbon dioxide + glucose --> oxygen + water

• carbon dioxide + water --> glucose + oxygen

• glucose + oxygen ---> carbon dioxide + water

• oxygen + water ---> carbon dioxide + glucose

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Plant cells are able to produce their own food. This process happens in which structure?

• cell wall

• chloroplast

• mitochondrion

• vacuole

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Which statement best explains how sweating during exercise maintains homeostasis?

• It regulates mineral concentrations in cells.

• It regulates body temperature.

• It maintains water balance.

• It maintains sugar balance in cells.

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What carries the instructions for making amino acids in a protein?

• the nitrogen base on the tRNA

• the hydrogen bonding between nitrogen bases

• the sequence of nitrogen bases on the mRNA

• the nitrogen base bonding on the DNA molecule

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How mitosis and meiosis similar?

• both have two cell divisions

• both require DNA replication

• both produce gametes

• both involve crossing over

SC.912. . L.14.1 To help patients replenish bodily fluids quickly during an illness, doctors need to understand how cells behave in their environment. Doctors have confidence in what they know about how cells behave because

• cell theory has been tested, refined, and observed to be true over hundreds of years

• large medical institutions have conducted their own experiments justifying cell theory

• the basics of cell theory have not changed much since the original experiments

• what we know about cell theory has been published in reputable journals

SC. 912.L.14.1 Which of the following best summarizes why the technological invention of microscopes was important to biology?

• It allowed for development of the cell theory.

• It created a means of funding for cell research.

• It created public interest and support for research.

• It proved that cells could form spontaneously.