Evolutionary History and Relationships

A branching diagram showing relationships among taxa.

• Cladogram

• Monophyletic

• Paraphyletic

• Taxonomic Character

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-3

What is common ancestry?

• When a species no longer exists

• When organisms are descended from a single ancestor

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Consider the evolutionary tree. Which is the best description of the two organisms highlighted in pink?

• They are separated by two nodes.

• They share a recent common ancestor.

• They belong to the same species.

• They are ancestors of each other.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

A _______________ tree is a diagram used to reflect evolutionary relationships among organisms or groups of organisms.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

A ______________ is a branching diagram showing shared adaptations from a common ancestor between a numbers of species. Scientists consider this diagram a hypothesis.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

The process by which species adapt to environmental changes over a very long time

• Natural selection

• Environment

• Generation

• Evolution

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

This can show the changes that occurred over time for a specific type of creature. Older fossils are found deeper than more recent fossils.

• Phylogeny

• Homologous Structures

• Fossil Record

• Vestigial Structures

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

Structures that are similar in form (structures) with different functions such as the wings of a bat and the arms of humans.

• Homologous Structures

• Vestigial Structures

• Analogous Structures

• Molecular Homology

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

traits are developed from a common ancestor. They are traits shared between multiple species, such as the bones in a human arm and that of a whale’s fin.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

The ___________ record is a group of geologically preserved specimen, which has been analyzed and arranged chronologically and in taxonomic order.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-1