Amplify Thermal Energy Critical Juncture Mock Assessment

Veronica is drink a cup of hot cocoa that is very hot. She accidently dropped it onto the cool countertop when she went to pick up her mug. What happens to the molecules in the countertop when the temperature is increasing?

• More heat molecules combine with the molecules in the countertop.

• The cold energy of the molecules in the countertop decreases.

• The energy of the molecules in the countertop decreases.

• The energy of the molecules in the countertop increases.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Kekoa made a pot of strawberry jam, then put it into containers to store it. The containers are placed in two separate stacks. The diagram below shows the containers of strawberry jam before they touch each other. Use the information in the diagram to answer the question. After a while, which of the two top containers will be cooler, and why?

• The smaller top container will be cooler than the larger top container, because less energy has to transfer for the molecules to reach the same temperature as the molecules of the bottom container.

• Both top containers will be the same temperature, because both of the bottom containers have the same amount of energy to transfer and the molecules in the top containers started with the same energy.

• The larger top container will be cooler than the smaller top container. It started with more total energy, so less energy has to transfer for both containers in the stack to reach the same total energy.

• The larger top container will be cooler than the smaller top container. It started with more total energy, so less energy has to transfer for both containers in the stack to reach the same total energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Jason put an orange on top of an ice pack in his lunch bag. By lunchtime the temperature of his orange had decreased. What happened to the molecules in the orange when the temperature of the apple decreased?

• The energy of the molecules in the orange decreased.

• The cold energy of the molecules in the orange increased.

• The orange lost heat molecules.

• The energy of the molecules in the orange increased.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

How does the temperature of the top cube compare with the temperature of the bottom cube before touching, and what will happen when the cubes have been touching for a while?

• Before the cubes touch, the bottom cube is hotter than the top cube. Once the cubes are touching, the cooler top cube will gain kinetic energy until the molecules of both cubes have an energy of 7, because hotter things increase the temperature of cooler things.

• Before the cubes touch, the bottom cube is hotter than the top cube. Once the cubes are touching, the bottom cube will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler top cube until both cubes reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

• Before the cubes touch, the bottom cube is cooler than the top cube. Once the cubes are touching, the top cube will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler bottom cube until both cubes reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

• Before the cubes touch, the two cubes are different temperatures. Once the cubes are touching, both kinetic energy and cold energy will transfer between the molecules in the two cubes until both cubes reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which object is hotter?

• Object A because it has the highest average kinetic energy.

• Object B because it has the highest average kinetic energy.

• Object C because it has the highest average kinetic energy.

• Object C because it has the most molecules with high kinetic energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

An architect is stacking pieces of plastic to make two columns in a model building. The diagram above shows the pieces of plastic before they touch each other. Use the information in the diagram to answer the question.After they have been touching for a while, which of the two top plastic pieces will be cooler, and why?

• The larger top plastic piece will be cooler than the smaller top plastic piece. It started with more total energy, so less energy had to transfer for both pieces in the stack to reach the same total energy.

• The larger top plastic piece will be cooler than the smaller top plastic piece, because the energy that transferred to it was spread out over more molecules.

• Both pieces will be the same temperature, because both of the bottom pieces had the same amount of energy to transfer and the molecules in the top plastic start with the same energy.

• The smaller top plastic piece will be cooler than the larger top plastic piece, because less energy has to transfer for the molecules to reach the same temperature as the molecules of the bottom plastic.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

A chocolate maker is going to stack two bars of chocolate. The bars of chocolate are the same size and have the same number of molecules. The diagram above shows the chocolate bars now, before they touch each other. Use the information in the diagram to answer the question. How does the temperature of the top chocolate bar compare with the temperature of the bottom chocolate bar now, and what will happen after the bars have been touching for a while?

• Before the bars touch, the two bars are different temperatures. Once the bars are touching, both kinetic energy and cold energy will transfer between the molecules in the two bars until both bars reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

• Before the bars touch, the top bar is cooler than the bottom bar. Once the bars are touching, the bottom bar will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler top bar until both bars reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

• Before the bars touch, the top bar is hotter than the bottom bar. Once the bars are touching, the top bar will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler bottom bar until both bars reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

• Before the bars touch, the top bar is hotter than the bottom bar. Once the bars are touching, the cooler bottom bar will gain kinetic energy until the molecules of both bars have an energy of 25, because hotter things increase the temperature of cooler things.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Jason put an apple on top of an ice pack in his lunch bag. By lunchtime the temperature of his apple had decreased. What happened to the molecules in the apple when the temperature of the apple decreased?

• The energy of the molecules in the apple decreased.

• The cold energy of the molecules in the apple increased.

• The apple lost heat molecules.

• The energy of the molecules in the apple increased.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Aki is playing cards and is about to put one card on top of another. Both cards are the same size and have the same number of molecules. The diagram above shows the cards now, before they touch each other. Use the information in the diagram to answer the question. How does the temperature of the top card compare with the temperature of the bottom card before the cards touch, and what will happen after the cards have been touching for a while?

• Before the cards touch, the top card is cooler than the bottom card. Once the cards are touching, the bottom card will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler top card until both cards reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

• Before the cards touch, the top card is hotter than the bottom card. Once the cards are touching, the cooler bottom card will gain kinetic energy until both cards’ molecules have an energy of 28, because hotter things increase the temperature of cooler things.

• Before the cards touch, the top card is hotter than the bottom card. Once the cards are touching, the top card will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler bottom card until both cards reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

• Before the cards touch, the two cards are different temperatures. Once the cards are touching, both kinetic energy and cold energy will transfer between the molecules in the two cards until both cards reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Kekoa made a pot of applesauce, then put it into containers to store it. The containers are placed in two separate stacks. The diagram above shows the containers of applesauce before they touch each other. Use the information in the diagram to answer the question.After a while, which of the two top containers will be cooler, and why?

• The smaller top container will be cooler than the larger top container, because less energy has to transfer for the molecules to reach the same temperature as the molecules of the bottom container.

• Both top containers will be the same temperature, because both of the bottom containers have the same amount of energy to transfer and the molecules in the top containers started with the same energy.

• The larger top container will be cooler than the smaller top container. It started with more total energy, so less energy has to transfer for both containers in the stack to reach the same total energy.

• The larger top container will be cooler than the smaller top container, because the energy that transferred to it is spread out over more molecules.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4