Variation and Adaption

What is an adaptation?

• A feature that helps only a plant grow.

• A feature that helps a living thing survive.

• A feature that helps a living thing walk.

• A feature that that helps only animals survive.

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Behavioral adaptations are:

• Body parts that help a living thing survive in its environment

• Behaviors that help a living thing survive in its environment

Physical adaptations are:

• Body parts that help a living thing survive in its environment

• Behaviors that help a living thing survive in its environment

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What word means to change physical features or behaviors of a species in response to changes in the environment?

• Adapt

• naturalist

• Organism

• Species

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The diagram below shows variations of Galápagos Island finches that formed over many generations.

What most likely caused the variations in these finches?

• The number of mates on the islands

• The available water on the islands

• The available food sources on the islands

• The temperatures on the islands

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Darwin found the following finches on the Galapagos islands. What best describes why they have different beaks?

• Genetic variation has made it possible for birds to feed on different forms of food due to their beak shape.

• Genetic variation has made it possible for larger eyes on the birds to see.

• Genetic variation has made it possible for the birds to camouflage themselves on the island.

• Genetic has made it possible for the birds to feed at different times of the day due to competition.

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When Charles Darwin visited the Galapagos Island in the 1800s, he observed many types of organisms that were similar but lived on different islands. The four species of mockingbirds found on the Gapapagos Island are shown below. Each species lives on a different island. These species are very similar, but the Hood mockingbird has a longer beak than the other three species. Which of the following best explains this difference?

• The hood mockingbird needs a longer beak for defense against predators.

• The Hood mockingbird originated from a different type of bird than the other species.

• The Hood mockingbird's longer beak is an adaptation to the food available in the bird's habitat.

• The Hood mockingbird's beak stretched to reach its food, and the longer beak was passed down to its offspring.

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Match the following terms with their definitions

• a change in a species DNA over time because of natural selection

• Evolution

• A permanent change in the DNA

• Variation

• Any variation that makes an organism better able to survive

• Mutation

• An inherited trait that makes and individual different

• Adaptation

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Darwin observed a few islands. He saw that animals looked different in different islands based on their needs. This process of adaptation is called (a)  

• Natural selection

• Nutritional slection

• National selection

• Evolutionary diet

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How do adaptations help animals?

• To escape animals

• to hunt for food

• to survive in their habitats

• All of these are correct

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