IB Biology Topic 4

Why do grasses appear before shrubs in ecological succession?

• loosen the dirt for new trees to take roots?

• provide food for animals returning to the area

• require plenty of sunlight to make their own food

• can grow even in areas with shallow soil

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The non-living parts of an ecosystem, such as water, sun, & oxygen are called 

• habitat

• abiotic factors

• biotic factors

• ecology

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All the populations in an ecosystem are called a 

• climate

• population

• community

• habitat

The living factors of an ecosystem, such as plants, animals, & fungi are called

• biotic factors

• abiotic factors

• ecosystem

• population

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An important abiotic factor in ALL ecosystems is the 

• ecology

• climate

• plants

• animals

All life on Earth exists in a region known as 

• an ecosystem

• a biome

• the biosphere

• ecology

Autotrophs are organisms that

• rely on other organisms for their energy & food supply.

• consume plant & animal remains and other dead matter.

• use energy they take in from the environment to convert inorganic molecules to organic molecules.

• obtain energy by eating only plants.

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The total mass of living tissue at each trophic level can be shown in a(n)

• energy pyramid

• pyramid of numbers

• biomass pyramid

• biogeochemical cycle

According to the food web shown, what would occur if there were a drastic decrease in the squirrel population?

• There would be fewer vultures

• There would be more nuts and seeds.

• There would be fewer vultures & there would be more nuts and seeds.

• There would be more grass.

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In a forest ecosystem, a food chain might look like this:
green plants → rabbit → fox → panther

If the green plants are destroyed in a forest fire, which short-term effect will this have on the organisms in this food chain?

• There would be fewer rabbits for the foxes to eat. 

• The panthers would have to begin to eat green plants.

• There would be an increase in the fox population

• There would be more green plants for the rabbits to eat

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