The Origin of Life and Evolution

Which type of cell came first?

• Eukaryotic

• Prokaryotic

• Plant

• Both Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells evolved around the same time

Which of the following is the natural law that states that living organisms come only from other living organisms?

• evolution

• oxidation

• biogenesis

• spontaneous generation

Spontaneous generation is

• a change in a species over time; process by which modern organisms have decended from ancient organisms

• A theory that life comes from non-living objects

• The species from whom a current one has decended

• A theory that life come from life

The theory that the first cells came from non-living matter (in the right conditions) is

• Abiogenesis

• Cell theory

• Endosymbiosis

What was the product of the Miller-Urey Experiment?

• Simple amino acids

• Simple nucleotides

• Simple lipids

• Simple monosaccarides

Origin of life took place around _____

• 2.5 billion years ago

• 3.5 billion years ago

• 4.5 billion years ago

• 5.5 billion years ago

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By discharging electric sparks into a laboratory chamber atmosphere that consisted of water vapor, hydrogen gas, methane, and ammonia, Stanley Miller obtained data that showed that a number of organic molecules, including many amino acids, could be synthesized. Miller was attempting to model early Earth conditions as understood in the 1950s. The results of Miller’s experiments best support which of the following hypotheses?

• The molecules essential to life today did not exist at the time Earth was first formed.

• The molecules essential to life today could not have been carried to the primordial Earth by a comet or meteorite.

• The molecules essential to life today could have formed under early Earth conditions.

• The molecules essential to life today were initially self-replicating proteins that were synthesized approximately four billion years ago.

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A group of scientists have set up an experiment simulating the conditions of early Earth. This experiment produced a cell with DNA that used RNA to synthesize proteins from amino acids just like modern cells do. What conclusion could they draw from this experiment?

• Under the conditions of the experiment, it is possible to create cells similar to modern cells.

• Modern cells developed from inorganic compounds in the conditions that existed on early Earth.

• The conditions of their experiment exactly replicated the conditions found on early Earth.

• The way modern cells function is the only way a cell could be constructed and survive.

During which Eon did Eukaryotic, multicellular organisms first appear?

• Mesozoic Eon

• Archean

• Hadean Eon

• Proterozoic Eon

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Abiogenesis explains

• the origin of prokaryotes

• how bacteria lives

• the origin of eukaryotes

• how species develop