Signal Transduction

Identify the type of receiver seen here.

• G-protein coupled receptor

• gated ion channel

• RTKs

• cAMP

Which kind of receptors are seen here?

• G-coupled protein receptor

• RTK's

• Gated ion channels

What is the name of the signaling molecule in cell communication?

• ligand

• receptor

• operon

• inhibitor

Choose the correct order of communication.

• reception, response, transduction

• transduction, reception, response

• response, transduction, reception

• reception, transduction, response

Which of these is a common type of final response in a signal transduction pathway?

• Activation of a G-protein receptor

• Transcription of a desired mRNA sequence

• Formation of cAMP

• Phosphorylation cascade

Phosphorylation cascades are often used for

• reception

• responses

• amplification

• termination

Many cancer cells signal themselves to grow and divide. This is an example of ______ signaling.

• long distance

• autocrine

• paracrine

• hormone

Which are two widely used second messengers?

• cAMP

• RTK's

• Ca²⁺

• sodium

What type of signaling is shown here?

• autocrine

• synaptic

• endocrine

• paracrine

What determines whether a signal molecule binds on the surface or enters the cell?

• size

• polarity

• ability to cross the membrane

• all of these