AP Bio Biotechnology

Alternative RNA splicing

• is a mechanism for increasing the rate of transcription.

• can allow the production of proteins of different sizes from a single mRNA

Why might a point mutation in DNA make a difference in the level of proteinʹs activity?

• It might substitute an amino acid in the active site.

• It might exchange one stop codon for another stop codon.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

A frameshift mutation could result from

• a base insertion only.

• either an insertion or a deletion of a base.

• a base deletion only.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What does the operon model attempt to explain?

• the coordinated control of gene expression in bacteria

• the mechanism of viral attachment to a host cell

The tryptophan operon is a repressible operon that is

• turned off whenever tryptophan is added to the growth medium

• turned on only when glucose is present in the growth medium.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

When this is taken up by the cell, it binds to the repressor so that the repressor no longer binds to the operator:

• inducer

• repressor

Transcription of the structural genes in an inducible operon

• occurs continuously in the cell.

• starts when the pathwayʹs substrate is present.

Altering patterns of gene expression in prokaryotes would most likely serve the organismʹs survival in which of the following ways?

• allowing the organism to adjust to changes in environmental conditions

• organizing gene expression so that genes are expressed in a given order

• allowing environmental changes to alter the prokaryoteʹs genome

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

If you were to observe the activity of methylated DNA, you would expect it to

• be unwinding in preparation for protein synthesis.

• have turned off or slowed down the process of transcription.

This can inhibit transcription by blocking the binding of positively acting transcription factors to the DNA:

• enhancer

• promoter

• repressor