AP Biology Exam

Which of the following correctly describes how enzymes work?  

• they lower the energy of the reactants to increase the rxn rate

• they supply energy to the reaction to increase the rxn rate

• they lower the energy of the products to increase the rxn rate

• they lower the activation energy of the reaction to increase the rxn rate

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

The part of the enzyme that the substrate bonds to is called the _____.

• active site

• activation energy

• bond site

• peptide bond

Which of the following represents the activation energy needed for the noncatalyzed reverse reaction,  C + D → A + B, in Figure 8.1?

• A

• C

• D

• E

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-4

What is the complement to the DNA strand below:
5'-ATGCCAT-3'

• 5'-TACGGTA-3'

• 3'-TACGGTA-5'

• 3'-ATGGCAT-5'

• 5'-ATGGCAT-3'

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

What determines whether a signal molecule binds on the surface or enters the cell?

• size

• polarity

• ability to cross the membrane

• all of these are correct

Each of the following numbered processes are involved in signal transduction pathways:  
 I.  Response  
II.  Amplification  
 III.  Reception  
IV.  Transduction
Which of the following represents the sequence of events in a typical signal transduction pathway?

• I, II, III, IV

• III, I, IV, II

• II, IV, I, III

• III, IV, II, I

Which of the following is NOT a response by the cell from a signal transduction pathway?

• cell growth

• gene expression

• secretion of molecules

• all of the above are responses

How is negative feedback different from positive feedback?

• Negative feedback harms the body

• Negative feedback works to reverse a change in a system

• Negative feedback is rarer than positive

• Negative feedback is slower than positive feedback

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

What is a G protein?

• specific type of membrane-receptor protein

• protein on the cytoplasmic side of a membrane

• membrane-bound enzyme

• relay protein

Neurons release acetylcholine (ACh) into the gap between the nerve cell and a muscle cell. ACh then binds to receptors in the muscle cell membrane, resulting in the release of Ca²⁺ from the smooth ER

• autocrine signalling

• juxtacrine signalling

• paracrine signalling

• endocrine signalling