Quiz about Genetics and Epigenetics

Question 1

Epigenetics is

Accepted Answer

addition of methyl groups to DNA and histone proteins

Answer

a change in the DNA sequence

Answer

a change in the histone protein shape

Answer

addition of methyl groups to DNA only

Question 2

DNA methylation is

Accepted Answer

adding CH₃groups to DNA nucleotide bases

Answer

adding CH₄ groups to DNA

Answer

adding CH₃ groups to DNA phosphate groups

Answer

adding CH₃groups to pentose sugar in DNA

Question 3

Epigenetic changes are said to be

Accepted Answer

somatically heritable

Answer

autosomally heritable

Answer

x linked heritable

Answer

y linked heritable

Question 4

Proportionate heritability is

Accepted Answer

Phenotype= genetics + environment

Answer

Genetics = phenotype + environment

Answer

environment + phenotype = genetics

Answer

Genetics + phenotype = environment

Question 5

A segment of DNA that codes for a trait

Accepted Answer

gene

Answer

centromere

Answer

chromosome

Answer

chromatid

Question 6

What is the shape of the DNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

Double helix

Answer

Single helix

Answer

Triple helix

Answer

Quadruple helix

Question 7

Gene expression is

Accepted Answer

transcription then translation and building a protein

Answer

translation then transcription and making carbohydrate

Answer

transpiration then transcription and building proteins

Answer

proteins making changes to DNA

Question 8

Histone modification is

Accepted Answer

histone methyltransferases join methyl groups to histone protein tails

Answer

histone methyltransferases join methyl groups to histone protein heads

Answer

DNA methyltransferases join methyl groups to DNA phosphate groups

Answer

DNA methyltransferases join methyl groups to DNA hydrogen bonds

Question 9

In a pedigree chart this symbol indicates

Accepted Answer

non-identical female twins

Answer

identical male twins

Answer

non-identical male twins

Answer

identical female twins

Question 10

In a pedigree chart the symbol indicates

Accepted Answer

identical female twins

Answer

identical male twins

Answer

non-identical male twins

Answer

non-identical female twins

Question 11

This pedigree shows

Accepted Answer

X linked dominant

Answer

Autosomal dominant

Answer

Autosomal recessive

Answer

X linked recessive

Answer

Y linked

Question 12

This pedigree shows

Accepted Answer

X linked recessive

Answer

Autosomal dominant

Answer

Autosomal recessive

Answer

X linked dominant

Answer

Y linked

Question 13

This pedigree shows

Accepted Answer

Y linked

Answer

Autosomal dominant

Answer

Autosomal recessive

Answer

X linked dominant

Answer

X linked recessive

Question 14

This pedigree shows

Accepted Answer

Autosomal dominant

Answer

Autosomal recessive

Answer

X linked dominant

Answer

X linked recessive

Answer

Y linked

Question 15

This pedigree shows

Accepted Answer

Autosomal recessive

Answer

Autosomal dominant

Answer

X linked dominant

Answer

X linked recessive

Answer

Y linked

Question 16

If Purple Flowers (P) are dominant over white flowers (p), what would the phenotype be for a Pp genotype?

Accepted Answer

Purple flowers

Answer

White flowers

Answer

Not enough information

Question 17

The physical appearance of a trait is known as the-

Accepted Answer

phenotype

Answer

genotype

Answer

characteristics

Answer

intelligence

Question 18

The alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote are both expressed with no blending.

Accepted Answer

codominance

Answer

incomplete dominance

Answer

polygenic

Answer

multiple alleles

Question 19

Which of these Punnett squares represents a cross between a homozygous dominant parent and a heterozygous parent?

Accepted Answer

Option A is correct

Answer

B.

Answer

C.

Answer

D.

Question 20

Protein molecules around which DNA is tightly coiled in chromatin

Accepted Answer

histones

Answer

casein

Answer

nucleosome

Answer

chromosome

Question 21

A chemical modification of DNA that does not affect the nucleotide sequence of a gene but makes that gene less likely to be expressed.

Accepted Answer

methylation

Answer

activators

Answer

acetylation

Answer

proteins

Question 22

What is the role of histone acetylation in gene expression?

Accepted Answer

Increases gene expression by loosening DNA-histone interaction

Answer

Decreases gene expression by tightening DNA-histone interaction

Answer

Has no effect on gene expression

Answer

Completely silences gene expression

Question 23

Which of the following best describes a gene?

Accepted Answer

A segment of DNA that codes for a protein

Answer

A protein that regulates DNA replication

Answer

A lipid molecule involved in cell signaling

Answer

A carbohydrate that stores genetic information

Question 24

In a classic Mendelian experiment, if a homozygous dominant plant is crossed with a homozygous recessive plant, what will be the phenotype of the offspring?

Accepted Answer

All dominant phenotype

Answer

All recessive phenotype

Answer

50% dominant and 50% recessive phenotype

Answer

75% dominant and 25% recessive phenotype

Question 25

What is the primary difference between genetics and epigenetics?

Accepted Answer

Genetics involves changes in DNA sequence, while epigenetics involves changes in gene expression without altering the DNA sequence

Answer

Genetics involves protein synthesis, while epigenetics involves lipid synthesis

Answer

Genetics is only concerned with inherited traits, while epigenetics is only concerned with acquired traits

Answer

Genetics is a branch of chemistry, while epigenetics is a branch of physics

Genetics and Epigenetics

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