AP Bio Signal Transduction

Which are two widely used second messengers?

• cAMP

• RTK's

• Ca²⁺

• sodium

Phosphorylation cascades are often used for

• reception

• responses

• amplification

• termination

Which of the following can activate a protein by transferring a phosphate group to it?

• cAMP

• G-protein

• protein kinases

• phosphatases

Many cancer cells signal themselves to grow and divide. This is an example of ______ signaling.

• long distance

• autocrine

• paracrine

• hormone

After a cellular response, how is it terminated?

• separate the ligand and receptor

• block the transduction pathway

• it will keep responding

• send out a different signal

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Communication between neighboring/touching cells is common in plants.

• True

• False

Programmed cell death is known as

• mutation

• termination

• cytokinesis

• apoptosis

Which two terms describe this image?

• long distance signal

• local signal

• synaptic

• paracrine

Small ions or non-protein moelcules that help amplify a signal during transduction

• Protein phophatase

• Protein kinase

• Secondary messangers

• Ligands

Immune cells, specifically Antigen presenting cells, was an example of which type of communication

• Direct contact

• Local signaling (paracrine)

• Long distance signaling

• Local signaling (synaptic)