Evolution and Natural Selection

A slight difference in an inherited trait between individual members of the same species.

• variations

• adapatations

• homologous structures

• analogous structures

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms.

• Natural Selection

• Fossil

• Adaptation

• Derived trait

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Individuals that are better able to cope with the challenges of their environment tend to

• Increase in population over time.

• Decrease in population over time.

• Leave fewer offspring than those less suited to the environment.

• Both (a) and (c)

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Since the 1800s humans have stopped burning coal, and the trees have returned to their original color. Which moth will be more successful in this environment?

• Dark moth

• Light moth

• Both will be equally successful

• Neither will be successful

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What is the advantage of having different shaped beaks?

• To look different from other species.

• To be able to eat the food readily available in the environment.

• To protect itself against predators.

• To protect itself against prey.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

What is this an example of?

• diversity of species

• variation

• vestigial structures

• DNA studies

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A term that typically describes a species that no longer has any known living individuals

• Generation Time

• Fossil Record

• Extinct

• Speciation

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

The struggle for existence against other members of an organisms species is

• Competition

• Natural Selection

• gene flow

• genetic drift

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NGSS.MS-LS2-1

Which of the following statements best explains why genetic variation is important to the survival of a population?

• Genetic variation increases the likelihood of an allele being present that is best suited for the environment.  

• Genetic variation decrease the likelihood of genetic mutation. 

• Genetic variation increases the size of animals so that more offspring will be produced. 

• Genetic variation decreases gene flow in the population. 

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

 Astyanax mexicanus, a type of freshwater fish found in caves and other underground habitats across Mexico and the southern part of the United States. Both the surface and cavefish belong to the same species, but unlike the surface fish, the cavefish has no eyes. 

How can the survival of the cavefish population be explained? 

• . The surface was too bright and predators were catching them, so they adapted to be transparent in color. 

• . Cavefish were too far away from sunlight, causing problems in their development and changing their appearance.

• Cavefish population has survived in caves without eyes because it is an adaptation to the environment. 

• A cavefish produced offspring after having lost its eyes in an injury and changed the population overtime.

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