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The thin, solid, outermost layer of Earth; made of less dense silicates and is either continental (landmasses) or oceanic (ocean floors).

• Crust

• Physical properties

• Lithosphere

• Plate tectonic theory

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

The cool, rigid, outermost layer of Earth that consists of the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle; broken into pieces or segments called plates.

• Lithosphere

• Earth's layers

• States of matter

• Plasticity

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

The outer layer of Earth's core; surrounds the inner core and is made of liquid nickel and iron.

• Outer core

• Mantle

• Density

• States of matter

A characteristic of the material in the asthenosphere; existing in a solid state yet having the ability to flow without being a liquid.

• Plasticity

• Density

• Asthenosphere

• Rock cycle

Theory that the lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that slowly move on top of the asthenosphere.

• Plate tectonic theory

• Pressure

• Temperature

• Chemical composition

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Earth's rocks change from one type into another over time due to various Earth processes. Changes occur in mineral compositions and physical structures.

• Rock cycle

• Plasticity

• Pressure

• Lithosphere

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Distinct forms of matter known in everyday experience: solid, liquid, and gas; also referred to as phases of matter.

• States of matter

• Chemical composition

• Inner core

• Asthenosphere

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

The elements that make up a substance.

• Chemical composition

• Inner core

• Crust

• Temperature

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

The amount of matter in a given space or volume; it is a relationship between mass and volume. Less dense matter will form layers above denser matter.

• Density

• States of matter

• Physical properties

• Inner core

The divisions of the composition of Earth determined by either chemical composition or by the physical state of matter.

• Earth's layers

• Outer core

• Plate tectonic theory

• Mantle