Earth Science Review

Earth, Mars, Mercury, and Venus belong to the same group of objects in the Solar System. To which group do they belong?

• gas giants

• outer planets

• inner planets

• moons of the Sun

Which action describes a scientific experiment?

• building a model of an atom

• watching a television show about global warming for a research paper

• making a table about similarities and differences on the inner and outer planets

• testing three different fertilizers on plants to see which one makes the plants grow fastest

Lake Okeechobee is in Florida. The map below shows where the lake is in the state. How would water most likely move from the Gulf of Mexico to Lake Okeechobee?

• by ocean water flowing up a river that joins with the lake

• by ocean flooding and water flowing overland into the lake

• by ocean water evaporating and entering the lake when it rains

• by water seeping through the ocean floor and welling up into the lake

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The ocean is part of the water cycle. Each day, water is both added to and lost from the ocean. Which process plays the greatest role in removing water from the ocean?

• condensation

• evaporation

• precipitation

• runoff

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Locations around the world can be placed within three different climate zones. Scientists study the weather of a place over a period of many years to determine its climate. Which is a main factor that determines a location’s climate and its climate zone?

• average wind speed

• average temperature

• average length of day

• average number of cloudy days

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Johanna is explaining to her friend how to determine the climate of an area. Which instruction is she most likely to give her friend?

• Measure the highest and lowest temperatures in a particular year.

• Find the average weather conditions over a period of many years.

• Measure the weather conditions one day and compare them to other days.

• Record the precipitation and the wind speed for several months.

Even within climate zones, the weather in one place can be very different from the weather in another place. The following environments are all in a temperate zone. Which place would you expect to be the most hot and humid?

• desert

• swamp

• wooded forest

• mountain range

Which of these is an example of a scientific observation?

• “The rock is smooth and gray.”

• “What is the best brand of soap?”

• “Most people drive black cars.”

• “The sun’s light helps plants grow.”

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Which of these can be made of gases, dust, and hundreds of billions of stars?

• a galaxy

• a planet

• a solar system

• a constellation

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This picture shows patterns of mountain ranges on Earth. Which is a reasonable statement to describe and explain these patterns of mountain ranges?

• There are no mountain ranges under the ocean, only on continents.

• Mountain ranges occur in bands BOTH inside continents and along the edges of continents/plate boundaries.

• There are no patterns in mountain range formations.

• Mountain ranges occur randomly throughout the earth and are the result of the geosphere interacting with the atmosphere.

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