Blood Types Genetics

How can a Punnett square be used to predict blood type inheritance?

• Punnett square only shows the dominant traits of the parents.

• Punnett square can determine the exact blood type of the offspring.

• Punnett square is used to analyze environmental factors affecting blood type.

• Punnett square predicts blood type inheritance by showing all possible allele combinations from both parents.

Answer explanation

A Punnett square predicts blood type inheritance by displaying all possible allele combinations from both parents, allowing us to see the potential blood types of the offspring.

What is the phenotype of a person with genotype AO?

• O blood type

• AB blood type

• A blood type

• B blood type

Answer explanation

The AO genotype means the person has one A allele and one O allele. The A allele is dominant over O, resulting in an A blood type phenotype.

How can you determine the possible blood types of offspring using a Punnett square?

• The possible blood types of offspring can be determined by filling in a Punnett square with the parents' alleles.

• By guessing based on common blood types in the population.

• By using a family tree to trace blood types.

• By analyzing the parents' physical traits.

Answer explanation

The correct choice explains that a Punnett square is used to predict offspring blood types by combining the alleles from both parents, allowing for a clear visualization of potential genetic outcomes.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

What are the possible genotypes for a person with blood type AB?

• IAIB

• O

• IBIB

• IAIA

Answer explanation

A person with blood type AB has the genotype IAIB, which means they inherit one A allele (IA) from one parent and one B allele (IB) from the other. The other options (O, IBIB, IAIA) do not correspond to blood type AB.

What does the Rh factor indicate about a person's blood type?

• The Rh factor indicates the presence of antibodies in the blood.

• The Rh factor is unrelated to blood type and only indicates blood volume.

• The Rh factor determines a person's blood type letter (A, B, AB, O).

• The Rh factor indicates whether a person's blood type is positive or negative.

Answer explanation

The Rh factor indicates whether a person's blood type is positive or negative, based on the presence (+) or absence (-) of the Rh antigen on red blood cells. This is distinct from the A, B, AB, or O blood type classification.

What are antigens and how do they relate to blood types?

• Blood types are determined solely by genetics, not antigens.

• Antigens are proteins that only affect immune responses, not blood compatibility.

• Antigens are only found in white blood cells.

• Antigens are molecules on red blood cells that determine blood types (A, B, AB, O) and are critical for blood compatibility.

Answer explanation

Antigens are specific molecules found on red blood cells that define blood types (A, B, AB, O). They play a crucial role in blood compatibility, making the correct choice essential for understanding blood transfusions.

What is the genotype of a person with blood type O?

• iA

• IB

• ii

• IA

Answer explanation

A person with blood type O has the genotype ii, meaning they have two recessive alleles. The other options (iA, IB, IA) represent blood types A and B, which require at least one dominant allele.

How many alleles determine the ABO blood group system?

• 2

• 4

• 3

• 5

Answer explanation

The ABO blood group system is determined by three alleles: A, B, and O. These alleles combine to produce four blood types: A, B, AB, and O, making the correct answer 3.

What is the significance of the Rh factor in pregnancy?

• The Rh factor has no impact on the mother's health during pregnancy.

• The Rh factor is a type of vitamin necessary for fetal development.

• The Rh factor is only relevant for blood transfusions.

• The Rh factor is significant in pregnancy because it can lead to Rh incompatibility, which may cause serious health issues for the baby.

Answer explanation

The Rh factor is crucial in pregnancy as it can cause Rh incompatibility. This occurs when an Rh-negative mother carries an Rh-positive baby, potentially leading to serious health issues like hemolytic disease of the newborn.

Can a person with blood type B receive blood from type A? Why or why not?

• A person with type B can receive type A if it's Rh positive.

• Yes, type B can receive type A blood.

• Type A blood is compatible with all blood types.

• No, a person with blood type B cannot receive blood from type A.

Answer explanation

No, a person with blood type B cannot receive blood from type A because type A blood contains A antigens, which would trigger an immune response in type B individuals who have anti-A antibodies.