Living Environment Cells

Which statement describes a failure of homeostasis in humans?

• When activity in an individual increases, the body temperature rises and the individual sweats.

• As the concentration of carbon dioxide increases in the human body, the lungs begin to expel more carbon dioxide.

• A viral infection leads to a decrease in the number of white blood cells being produced in the body.

• After an individual gets a cut, certain chemical changes begin the healing process.

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Lymphatic capillaries are found throughout the body. Both the lymphatic and circulatory systems transport substances between the bloodstream and body tissues. These two systems are also involved in fighting infections. The arrows shown in the diagram that go from the blood capillaries to the interstitial fluid most likely represent the

• release of red blood cells, so that they can diffuse into body cells and fight bacteria

• movement of materials from the circulatory system that will eventually enter lymphatic capillaries

• transport of digestive enzymes from the blood to help with the digestion of glucose in muscle cells

• transport of glucose molecules from the blood to be used by cells to attack proteins and fats

The diagram below represents changes that take place within the human body. The diagram represents

• cellular differentiation

• dynamic equilibrium

• gene interaction

• biological evolution

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In the 1660s, Flemish physician Jan van Helmont grew a small willow tree in a pot of soil. He added only water to the pot. At the end of five years, he found that the tree had gained 75 kilograms, but there was very little change in the mass of the soil. Van Helmont concluded that the plant gained weight directly from the water. We now know that this conclusion is only partially correct because, in addition to water, photosynthesis also requires

• oxygen from the atmosphere

• carbon dioxide from the atmosphere

• proteins from animal prey

• carbohydrates from the soil

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_____ are the smallest unit of structure and function in an organism. They are the building blocks of all living things.

• atoms

• cells

• molecules

• organelles

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Check off the THREE parts of Cell Theory.

• All living things are made of cells.

• The cell is the smallest living thing that can perform all the functions of life.

• Cells are made out of organelles.

• All cells come from pre-existing cells.

• There is more than one type of cell.

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Which organelle is a layer which surrounds and protects the cell, regulating what goes in and out?

• cell membrane

• cytoplasm

• nucleus

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Which types of cells carry oxygen from the lungs to different parts of the body?

• red blood cells

• white blood cells

• neurons

• muscle cells

Select the option that is NOT one of the 8 characteristics of an organism.

• moves

• needs and responds to the environment

• reproduces

• eliminates waste

• made of cells

True or False: Bacteria is an example of a unicellular organism.

• True

• False

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