Allele Frequency and Genetic Drift

Which of the following could not be a possible cause of the bottleneck effect?

• Overhunting of northern elephant seals

• A forest fire that destroys most of a population of deer

• A crop that is destroyed by blight

• A small group of fish that are added to a pond

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A gene pool consists of ____________ frequencies that can change randomly through generations due to chance.

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As a population recovers from reduction due to the bottleneck effect, the population will experience -

• a loss of genetic dicversity.

• migration.

• no change to allele frequency.

• genetic regulation.

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What does allele frequency refer to in a gene pool?

• The number of genes in the pool

• The number of times an allele occurs in a gene pool, compared to the total number of alleles in that pool for the same gene

• The total number of alleles for all genes in the pool

• The percentage of genes that are homozygous for a given allele

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In which type of populations does genetic drift usually occur?

• Large populations with stable allele frequencies

• Small populations

• Populations with high mutation rates

• Populations undergoing natural selection

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What is the bottleneck effect in the context of genetic change in populations?

• An increase in genetic diversity due to mutation

• A change in allele frequency following a dramatic increase in the size of a population

• A change in allele frequency following a dramatic reduction in the size of a population

• The introduction of new alleles into a population through migration

What does the Founder Effect refer to in the context of evolution and genetic change in populations?

• The effect of natural selection on a large, diverse population

• The genetic drift that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population

• The increase in genetic mutations when a population size becomes too large

• The process by which a new species is created from an existing species

What is a population in genetic equilibrium?

• A population where allele frequencies change and the population evolves.

• A population where allele frequencies in the population remain the same and the population does not evolve.

• A population that has an excess of mutations leading to rapid evolution.

• A population that is isolated from other populations and evolves differently.

Which of the following best describes genetic drift?

• A random change in allele frequencies in a population

• A consistent increase in allele frequencies over time

• A decrease in genetic variation due to natural selection

• An increase in genetic variation due to mutation

In a small population of rabbits, a rare allele becomes more common over several generations. This is an example of:

• Natural selection

• Genetic drift

• Gene flow

• Mutation