Volcanoes

How is pillow lava evidence of sea-floor spreading?

• It can only happen when molten material hardens quickly after erupting underwater

• It is lined up in the direction of Earth's magnetic fields

• It is older than the rest of the rock on the ocean floor

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

What force causes the movement of Earth's plates?

• Pressure

• Convection currents

• Sound waves

• Cooling

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Volcanic islands can form over hot spots. The Hawaiian Islands started forming over hot spots in the Pacific Ocean millions of years ago. What process causes the hot, solid rock to rise through the mantle at these locations?

• Convection

• Conduction

• Radiation

• Condensation

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

4) Volcanoes often form at convergent plate boundaries. Which set of arrows represents a convergent plate boundary?

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Which statement BEST explains why volcanic activity is very common at convergent plate boundaries?

• When two continental plates meet, they continue pushing against each other until they eventually start buckling upwards. When the start to force each other up, volcanoes are formed.

• When two oceanic plates move away from each other, it creates a hole in the lithosphere that causes magma to spill over onto Earth's surface, where it hardens.

• When an oceanic plate subducts a continental plate, it melts and fills pockets under the ground. When enough magma builds up, it forces its way back to the surface, causing an eruption.

• When a continental plate subducts an oceanic plate, the continental plate pushed the oceanic plate up, creating volcanic islands. When these volcanic islands are big enough, they become fully active volcanoes.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Where are most volcanoes and earthquakes located?

• Underwater

• Near plate boundaries

• Near divergent boundaries

• Near land

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

What happens at a plate boundary when magma wells up and hardens?

• An oceanic trench is made

• Rocks break, releasing huge amounts of energy

• New rock is created

• The two plates merge into one

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

What is the primary cause of volcanic eruptions?

• Tectonic plate movements

• Solar flares

• Ocean currents

• Wind patterns

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

Which type of volcano is characterized by explosive eruptions and steep slopes?

• Shield volcano

• Cinder cone volcano

• Composite volcano

• Lava dome volcano

What is the main component of magma?

• Water

• Carbon dioxide

• Silicon dioxide

• Nitrogen