Biology STAAR Cells

What property is shared by cells of all living things?

• the cells contain DNA composed of adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine

• the cells are surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer and a cell wall made of cellulose

• the cells have chromosomes that are located inside a membrane-bound nucleus

• the cells rely on mitochondria to carry out aerobic cellular respiration

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Cyclins signal cells to progress through stages of cell replication. Uncontrolled production of cyclins will most likely result in...

• the formation of haploid cells

• transfer of cyclins to other cells

• formation of tumors

• death of the cell

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Which best explains how the cell cycle is important to the life cycle of a frog?

• it enables frogs to produce tadpoles that are clones

• it allows frogs to grow, develop, and reproduce

• it prevents overproduction of frog offspring

• it ensures the best adapted frogs survive and pass on traits to offspring

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When multiple transitional fossils are found in many rock layers, they provide evidence of...

• seasonal variation in the diet of the species

• gradual change of a species over time

• DNA functioning as the genetic material of organisms

• an unchanging environment

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Match the following words with their definitions.

• energy source

• ATP

• changes that increase survival

• adaptations

• simple organisms

• eukaryote

• water moving

• prokaryote

• complex organisms

• osmosis

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Eukaryotic cells have ​ (a)   and DNA in the ​ (b)   . Prokaryotic cells have ​ (c)   and DNA in the ​ (d)   .

• membrane-bound nuclei or organelles

• nucleus

• NO membrane-bound nuclei or organelles

• cytoplasm

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Photosynthesis takes in ​ (a)   and spits out ​ (b)   . Cellular respiration takes in ​ (c)  

• light energy

• chemical energy

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What are the products of the cellular process in these organelles?

• I: glucose and carbon dioxide II: oxygen and water

• I: carbon dioxide and oxygen II: glucose and water

• I: oxygen and glucose II: water and carbon dioxide

• I: carbon dioxide and water II: glucose and oxygen

Answer explanation

Organelle I is mitochondria, where carbon dioxide and water are the products of the process of cellular respiration. Organelle II is a chloroplast, where glucose and oxygen are the products of the process of photosynthesis.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-7

Which organelle is responsible for energy production in the cell?

• Mitochondria

• Ribosome

• Nucleus

• Golgi apparatus

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What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

• To produce energy

• To control the movement of substances in and out of the cell

• To synthesize proteins

• To store genetic information

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