Conservation of Energy Calculation

The law of conservation of energy describes how the amount of total energy can change in a closed system. Which of these statements correctly describes this law?

• The amount of kinetic energy in a system is a constant value.

• Energy can be converted from one form into another, but it cannot be created or destroyed.

• An object can have potential energy or kinetic energy, but not both at the same time.

• The amount of energy created when an object moves is equal to the energy destroyed when it stops moving.

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Which equation is correct?

• mechanical energy = kinetic energy – potential energy

• mechanical energy = potential energy – kinetic energy

• mechanical energy = kinetic energy + potential energy

• mechanical energy = kinetic energy × potential energy

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If you exclude friction; the total energy in a swinging pendulum equals the

• kinetic energy - potential energy

• kinetic energy + potential energy

• kinetic energy / potential energy

• kinetic energy x potential energy

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Ignoring friction; a roller coaster at the bottom of a hill has

• 100% potential energy

• 100% kinetic energy

• 90% kinetic energy and 10% thermal

• 90% potential and 10% kinetic

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If an engineer designs the first hill of a coaster so that it is taller, then

• there will be more potential energy at the top of the first hill.

• there will be more kinetic energy at the bottom of the first hill.

• there will be a greater velocity at the bottom of the first hill.

• it will take more work to get it to the top of the first hill

• all the other statements are correct.

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Which of the following statements best describes the law of conservation of energy?

• Energy can be created and destroyed.

• Energy can be transformed from one form to another, but cannot be created or destroyed.

• Energy is always lost as heat in any process.

• Energy is only conserved in mechanical systems.

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In a closed system, if the potential energy decreases, what happens to the kinetic energy?

• It decreases.

• It increases.

• It remains constant.

• It becomes zero.

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A ball is dropped from a height. What happens to its potential energy as it falls?

• It increases.

• It decreases.

• It remains constant.

• It becomes zero.

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Which of the following is an example of energy transformation?

• A book lying on a table.

• A car engine converting fuel into motion.

• A stationary rock on a hill.

• A light bulb turned off.

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What is the total mechanical energy of a system?

• The sum of kinetic and potential energy.

• The difference between kinetic and potential energy.

• The product of kinetic and potential energy.

• The ratio of kinetic to potential energy.

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