Kepler's Laws Vocabulary

• The point of an orbit where the celestial body is farthest from the Sun

• A measurement equal to the distance between Earth and the Sun, a distance of about 150 million kilometers (93 million miles)

• The measurement of how an elliptical orbit deviates from a perfect circular orbit

• A point in the ellipse that helps determine the shape

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• Following the path of an ellipse (oval shape)

• A curved path followed by a satellite as it revolves around an object in space

• The measurement of how an elliptical orbit deviates from a perfect circular orbit

• The point closest to the Sun in the orbit of a celestial body

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Planets orbit the Sun in a shape called a(n)

• circle

• ellipse

• focus

• perihelion

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When a planet orbits the Sun, one of the foci of the elliptical orbit is 

• the axis

• the perihelion

• the center

• the Sun

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Where is the planet moving faster

• Position A to B

• Position B to C

• Position H to I

• Position I to J

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What is true about the area between points A, B and the Sun, and the area between points H, I and the Sun?

• The area between A, B and the Sun is the largest.

• The area between H, I and the Sun is the largest

• Both areas are equal in size

• There is not enough information to determine the areas

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When Earth orbits around the sun, it slows down when it is close to the sun. It speeds up its orbit when it is further from the sun. This is because the sun's gravity is stronger when you are closer to it.

• Kepler's 1st law

• Kepler's 2nd law

• Kepler's 3rd law

• Nutation

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Kepler's 3rd law tell us that __ would be dependent on __.

• orbital period ; distance

• distance ; orbital period

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Which of the following best describes Kepler's First Law of Planetary Motion?

• Planets move in circular orbits with the Sun at the center.

• Planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun at one focus.

• The speed of a planet is constant throughout its orbit.

• The gravitational force is the same at all points in the orbit.

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According to Kepler's Second Law, a planet sweeps out equal areas in equal times. What does this imply about the planet's speed?

• The planet moves faster when it is closer to the Sun.

• The planet moves slower when it is closer to the Sun.

• The planet's speed is constant throughout its orbit.

• The planet's speed is unrelated to its distance from the Sun.

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