Orbital Diagrams Rules and Principles

In electron configuration, what does an empty box represent?

• An unoccupied orbital

• An orbital with one electron

• A filled orbital with opposite spins

• An electron with spin up

Fill in the blank: A box containing both up and down arrows (↑↓) represents a ________ orbital containing a pair of electrons with opposite spins.

• filled

• empty

• half-filled

• partially filled

Hund's rule states about the distribution of electrons in equal-energy orbitals that:

• Electrons fill orbitals singly before pairing up.

• Electrons pair up in orbitals before filling them singly.

• Electrons do not fill orbitals of equal energy.

• Electrons fill orbitals randomly.

According to Hund's rule, what must single electrons with the same spin do before additional electrons with opposite spins can occupy the same orbitals?

• Pair up in the same orbital

• Occupy different orbitals

• Change their spin direction

• Leave the orbital

How can you represent an atom's electron configuration?

• Using only orbital diagrams

• Using only electron configuration notation

• Using either orbital diagrams or electron configuration notation

• Using neither orbital diagrams nor electron configuration notation

Based on the orbital diagram for a ground-state carbon atom, how many electrons are in the 1s orbital?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

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The purpose of sketching the sublevel diagram is to:

• visualize electron configurations

• calculate atomic mass

• determine molecular shape

• measure atomic radius

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Which orbital comes after 3p in the aufbau sequence?

• 3d

• 4s

• 4p

• 5s

In the case of chromium, which configuration is more stable: a half-filled 4s orbital (4s¹) and a half-filled 3d orbital (3d⁵) or a full 4s orbital (4s²) and a not-quite-half filled 3d orbital (3d⁴)?

• a half-filled 4s orbital (4s¹) and a half-filled 3d orbital (3d⁵)

• a full 4s orbital (4s²) and a not-quite-half filled 3d orbital (3d⁴)

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What is the electron configuration notation that involves the 1s, 2s, 2p_x, 2p_y, and 2p_z orbitals?

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