NYS Living Environment Regents

Students did an experiment comparing the activity of four different enzymes, A, B, C, and D. The results are represented in the graph below. A valid conclusion based on the information in the graph is that

• the pH of some enzymes changes as the temperature changes

• enzymes change color in proportion to the rate of activity

• a difference in the pH of an environment changes enzyme activity

• enzyme activity causes acids to change into bases over time

As blood glucose levels increase, hormones are released to return glucose levels to normal. This is an example of

• a nervous system disorder

• the synthesis of antibodies

• a stimulus and a response

• an antigen and antibody reaction

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Which statement describes a failure of homeostasis in humans?

• When activity in an individual increases, the body temperature rises and the individual sweats.

• As the concentration of carbon dioxide increases in the human body, the lungs begin to expel more carbon dioxide.

• A viral infection leads to a decrease in the number of white blood cells being produced in the body.

• After an individual gets a cut, certain chemical changes begin the healing process.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Substance X directly supplies energy for various life functions, as shown in the diagram below. Which substance is represented by X in the diagram?

• ATP

• DNA

• starch

• glucose

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

To capture their prey, spiders have fangs, which pierce the body wall of insects and inject venom. Spider venoms usually contain specific proteins that attack the cell membranes of the prey. The membranes and most of the contents of the insect’s body turn into a liquid that the spider then ingests for food. These specific venom proteins are most likely

• ATP molecules

• DNA molecules

• biological catalysts

• regulatory hormones

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

A small lizard spends the morning hours lying in the sunlight until its body temperature rises. Later on in the day, the lizard rests in a shady area until its body temperature cools. This type of behavior is important to

• maintain homeostasis

• detect variations

• attract mates

• obtain nutrients

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

It may be harmful when people compete to see who can hold their breath the longest under water. Without oxygen, brain cells

• cannot make enough ATP

• have too few mitochondria

• make too many enzymes

• have too much water

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

The diagram below represents changes that take place within the human body. The diagram represents

• cellular differentiation

• dynamic equilibrium

• gene interaction

• biological evolution

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Sailors in the past may have heard the greeting from a passing ship, “Avast ye scurvy dogs.” This greeting would be a reference to a disease known as scurvy, which is due to inadequate intake of vitamin C. Which row in the chart below correctly identifies the cause of this disease and a possible treatment for it?

• Row 1

• Row 2

• Row 3

• Row 4

In the 1660s, Flemish physician Jan van Helmont grew a small willow tree in a pot of soil. He added only water to the pot. At the end of five years, he found that the tree had gained 75 kilograms, but there was very little change in the mass of the soil. Van Helmont concluded that the plant gained weight directly from the water. We now know that this conclusion is only partially correct because, in addition to water, photosynthesis also requires

• oxygen from the atmosphere

• carbon dioxide from the atmosphere

• proteins from animal prey

• carbohydrates from the soil

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

NGSS.HS-LS2-5