Living Environment Relationships and Biodiversity Lab

Things of value that ecosystems provide for free are called ___________________.

• ecosystem services

• ecosystem diversity

• food services

• species diversity

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-5

Define species diversity

• a variety of genes and traits within a species

• a variety of ecosystems in a given area

• system made up of all the living and nonliving things in a given area

• a variety of species in an ecosystem

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-5

During the Relationships and Biodiversity lab, simulated pigments from three plant species were compared to those in Botana curus. The results were similar to those represented below.

Based on the results of this comparison alone, is there enough information to conclude which of the other three species is most closely related to Botana curus?

• Yes. Only species X has the same bands as Botana curus.

• Yes. Species Z has only two of the bands that Botana curus has.

• No. Additional tests should be done to test for other chemical similarities.

• No. Other rainforest plant species should be tested.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Which species would least likely have a protein similar to species H?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

The DNA from three different bacterial species are compared with a specific strain of E. coli bacteria. These data were used to construct the evolutionary tree below.

Which row in the data table below best supports the evolutionary diagram constructed by the scientists?

• Row 1

• Row 2

• Row 3

• Row 4

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

The illustrations represent cross sections of two different plant stems. A student compared two stem cross sections. Stem cross section A is from a plant that can be used to produce products with valuable medicinal properties. Stem cross section B is from a plant growing in the same area of the forest and its usefulness for producing medicines is unknown. The student concluded that the stem cross sections had many structural similarities and that the plant that produced cross section B would produce the same valuable medicinal products. Is the student's conclusion valid?

• Yes, because the structural similarities indicate a close relationship between the organisms.

• Yes, because these plants grow in the same regions of the forest ecosystem and look similar.

• No, because he did not evaluate soil conditions, such as pH, with chemical indicators.

• No, because this structural evidence alone is insufficient and molecular evidence should be obtained.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

In an effort to determine how closely related several plant species are, a student performed the laboratory test shown below.

The method used by the student to compare plant extracts from the different species is

• gel electrophoresis

• DNA banding

• a staining technique

• paper chromatography

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-1

Organisms living in the same environment may have similar body structures, but this does not always indicate a close biological relationship. The chart below provides information about four organisms that live in an Antarctic Ocean ecosystem.

Which lab procedure can be done to find molecular evidence for relationships between these Antarctic marine organisms?

• Compare slides of cell organelles.

• Examine fossils and ocean sediments.

• Set up and perform gel electrophoresis.

• Use a dichotomous key and test for pH.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Organisms living in the same environment may have similar body structures, but this does not always indicate a close biological relationship. The chart below provides information about four organisms that live in an Antarctic Ocean ecosystem. Two features that would be the most useful in determining which of these organisms are most closely related are

• presence of hair and similar proteins

• presence of feathers and similar body structures

• habitat and diet

• body size and color

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

A hyrax is an animal that has been called a rock rabbit and looks like a guinea pig. Fossil records show that hyraxes first appeared on Earth approximately 37 million years ago. As they evolved, some became mouse-sized, while some were the size of a horse. Some eventually adapted to marine life and are related to manatees, and some became grazers and are related to elephants.

Which number would indicate the most recent common ancestor of the hyrax, elephant, and manatee on the section of this mammalian evolutionary tree?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-1