Evolution and Cladogram

Cladograms are diagrams that can be used to show evolutionary relationships between different species. The diagram below is a cladogram of four plant groups. According to the diagram, which pair of groups diverged most recently?

• conifers and ferns

• conifers and mosses

• flowering plants and ferns

• flowering plants and conifers

Which of these statements is most likely true of two species that share a recent common ancestor?

• The two species have different developmental patterns.

• The two species share DNA sequences.

• The two species have similar arms and legs.

• The ancestors of each species looked very different.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-3

The diagram shows a model of the proposed relationships among some groups of mammals. Which of these organisms is most closely related to whales?

• bison

• camel

• hippopotamus

• pig

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

The diagram shows a portion of the fossil record in sedimentary rock. Different rock layers and fossils are clearly visible. Which of these statements is true of the fossils and rock layers shown in the diagram?

• Layer B contains the second-oldest fossils.

• Layer A contains the most recently formed fossils

• The fossils in layer B are older than those in layer D.

• The fossils in layer D are the most recently formed

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

The Humans are most closely related to ​ (a)   . The Humans are least closely related to the ​ (b)     The traits all the organisms on the Cladogram share is ​ (c)   . The characteristic Prosimians have that Birds don’t have is ​ (d)   .

• prosimians

• insects

• develop from blastula

• hair

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Select the area on the cladogram that identifies the MOST RECENT common ancestor?

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

​ (a)   is a branching diagram showing relationships among groups of clades while a ​ (b)   is a branching diagram that shows the inferred relationships between various species.

• cladogram

• phylogenic tree

Animals with segmented bodies include organisms like worms, beetles, and butterflies. Scientists study the morphological variation among these organisms to determine their evolutionary relationships. A cladogram shows the relationships among groups of animals with segmented bodies.

Use the Add Point button to place a dot on the Relationships Among Segmented Animals cladogram to show where each common ancestor diverged into a different species.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

For which of these topics does the fossil record provide evidence?

• only

• and

• , and

• , , and

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

Alex is studying leg bone fossils of an extinct species to see if the extinct organism could be an ancestor of a certain living species. Which of the following types of evidence could he obtain from studying fossils?

• genetic evidence

• embryological evidence

• structural evidence

• developmental evidence

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-1