Metabolism Review Amplify

Some types of syrup are almost entirely made of glucose molecules. If a person ate some syrup like this, what would happen to her ability to exercise?

• It would be harder for her to exercise because her digestive system would need to use more enzymes to combine the glucose molecules together.

• It would be easier for her to exercise because glucose moves through the circulatory system faster than other food molecules usually do.

• Nothing would happen to her ability to exercise, but her respiratory system would not work as hard, since glucose has more energy than oxygen molecules.

• Nothing would happen to her ability to exercise, but her digestive system would not work as hard, since glucose is already small enough to get to her cells.

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Doctors tested a patient and found that his cells contained normal levels of oxygen and glucose molecules, and no starch molecules. Will this patient be able to exercise normally?

• Yes, the glucose and oxygen molecules can react together to release energy for the body to function.

• No, his digestive system is not breaking down food molecules; his cells need starch molecules to react with glucose, which releases energy.

• No, his body systems are working, but he needs to eat different food; in cells, only amino acids can react with oxygen to release energy.

• Yes, as long as his cells have glucose, they don’t need anything else to release energy for the body to function.

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The test report above shows the level of molecules in different parts of the patient’s body. How would you expect this patient to do on an exercise test?

• Well; his body is working properly.

• Poorly; his digestive system is not combining glucose molecules together for the cells to use.

• Poorly; his digestive system is not breaking down molecules from food into glucose.

• Poorly; his respiratory system is not breaking down oxygen molecules into glucose.

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Two soccer teams, the Bears and the Panthers, played games at the same time in two different locations. The Bears game was played at sea level, where there is a normal amount of oxygen. Before their game, the players on the Bears ate a lunch of mostly starch. The Panthers game was played at very high altitude, where there is less oxygen. The players on the Panthers ate a lunch of starch and protein. Which team probably did better in their game?

• The Bears probably did better because their cells released energy from oxygen reacting with glucose, which was broken down from starch in the digestive system.

• The Panthers probably did better because their cells released energy from breaking down protein in the digestive system, which then combined with oxygen in cells.

• The teams did equally well because their digestive systems just need to break down starch into glucose for cells to release energy.

• The teams did equally well because glucose from starch can react with oxygen or proteins to release energy.

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A student thinks that the human body only works properly when cells are getting molecules from food and molecules from air. Is the student correct?

• Yes, the body only works when cells get molecules from food and molecules from air.

• No, the body only works when cells are getting molecules from different types of food.

• No, the body only works when the lungs get molecules from air, and the stomach gets molecules from food.

• No, the body works as long as cells are making all the molecules they need.

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Doctors tested a patient to find out what molecules were in her cells. Her cells contained normal levels of oxygen molecules, low levels of amino acid molecules, and low levels of glucose molecules. Will this patient be able to exercise normally?

• Yes, as long as her cells have enough oxygen, her body will be able to exercise.

• No, her cells need glucose to react with oxygen to release enough energy to exercise.

• No, her cells need amino acids to react with oxygen to release enough energy to exercise.

• No, her cells need glucose to react with amino acids to release enough energy to exercise.

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Jamal ate a meal of rice before seeing his doctor. Rice is made of mostly starch molecules. Jamal has been feeling tired a lot, so his doctor gave him a test that found that Jamal’s cells contained normal levels of oxygen and low levels of glucose. Does this explain why Jamal has been feeling tired?

• Yes, Jamal's respiratory system is working, but his digestive system is not turning the oxygen into glucose.

• Yes, Jamal's respiratory system is working, but his digestive system is not breaking down starch molecules into glucose for his cells.

• Yes, Jamal's digestive system is working, but his respiratory system has too much oxygen, so his body stopped making energy.

• No, something else must be wrong with Jamal because his cells have all the molecules they need.

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What is the primary role of enzymes in metabolic reactions?

• To provide energy for reactions

• To increase the rate of reactions

• To act as reactants in reactions

• To change the products of reactions

Which of the following is a product of cellular respiration?

• Oxygen

• Glucose

• Carbon dioxide

• Starch

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In an experiment, a scientist measures the rate of glucose consumption in muscle cells. What is the scientist most likely studying?

• Photosynthesis

• Cellular respiration

• Protein synthesis

• DNA replication

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