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A student left a sealed jar of water outside her home. Water can be a solid, liquid, or gas. When she put it outside, the water was a solid. Twelve hours later, the water had changed phase and was a liquid. What happened to the water molecules?

• Before the student left, the molecules were moving in place. After, the molecules were moving around each other.

• Before the student left, the molecules were moving around each other. After, the molecules were moving away from each other.

• Before the student left, the molecules were moving around each other. After, the molecules were moving in place.

• Before the student left, the molecules were moving away from each other. After, the molecules were moving around each other.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A cook had a jar containing a sweet food and a jar containing a sour food. The image above shows the sweet and sour foods. At room temperature, both foods are liquids. The same amount of energy was transferred into both substances. Later, one of the foods had changed phase while the other had not. Which food changed phase, and how did it change?

• The sweet food changed because the molecules were able to move fast enough to overcome the attraction between them. Its molecules now move away from each other.

• The sweet food changed because the strong attraction between molecules made their movement slower. Its molecules now move around each other.

• The sour food changed because the weak attraction between molecules let them move faster. Its molecules now move away from each other.

• The sour food changed because the molecules were able to move fast enough to overcome the attraction between them. Its molecules now move in place.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

A scientist has two substances that she is testing in her lab: a pink substance and a green substance. At room temperature, both substances are liquids. The scientist transferred the same amount of energy into both substances. She finds only the pink substance changed phase. How is the pink substance different from the green substance? The pink substance has a . . .

• weaker attraction between its molecules than the green substance. Its molecules now move away from each other.

• weaker attraction between its molecules than the green substance. Its molecules now move in place.

• stronger attraction between its molecules than the green substance. Its molecules now move away from each other.

• stronger attraction between its molecules than the green substance. Its molecules move around each other.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

A scientist did a test to compare two substances: substance Q and substance R. At room temperature, both substances are liquid. When the scientist transferred the same amount of energy out of both substances, only one substance changed phase while the other did not. Which substance changed phase, and how did it change?

• Substance Q changed phase because the attraction of the molecules was able to overcome their slower movement. Its molecules now move in place.

• Substance Q changed phase because the strong attraction between molecules made their movement slower. Its molecules now move in place.

• Substance R changed phase because the weak attraction between molecules let them move faster. Its molecules now move around each other.

• Substance R changed phase because the attraction was able to overcome the slower molecules. Its molecules now move away from each other.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Anh measured the temperature of a pond near his house. Before he left for school, the water in the pond was 18°C. When he came home from school, the temperature of the pond was higher than it was in the morning. What happened to the water molecules while he was at school?

• The molecules got closer together.

• The molecules started moving faster.

• The water lost cold molecules.

• The molecules became larger.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A scientist has a container with a substance inside. At first, the molecules in the substance move away from each other. Later, the molecules move around each other. What change did the scientist observe in the substance?

• Before, the substance was a liquid. Later, it was a solid.

• Before, the substance was a gas. Later, it was a liquid.

• Before, the substance was a liquid. Later, it was a gas.

• Before, the substance was a solid. Later, it was a liquid.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which object has molecules that are moving?

• Only the water in the glass has molecules that are moving.

• Only the water in the ocean has molecules that are moving.

• Both have molecules that are moving.

• Neither has molecules that are moving.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Mario is making chocolate. In part of the chocolate-making process, he changed the phase from a liquid to a solid. What happened to the molecules of chocolate when it changed phase?

• Before changing phase, the molecules were moving around each other. After changing phase, they were moving away from each other.

• Before changing phase, the molecules were moving around each other. After changing phase, they were moving in place.

• Before changing phase, the molecules were moving away from each other. After changing phase, they were moving around each other.

• Before changing phase, the molecules were moving in place. After changing phase, they were moving around each other.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Scientists put a sample of water into a sealed tank. Water can be a solid, liquid, or gas. At first, the water was a liquid. Then, the scientists transferred energy out of the substance, and the water changed phase. What happened to the movement of the water molecules?

After the phase change, the water molecules moved . . .

• faster and started moving away from each other.

• faster and started moving around each other.

• slower and started moving in place.

• slower and started moving around each other.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

The diagram above describes the movement of molecules in a substance used to make fuel. What change did the fuel scientist observe in the substance?

• Before the process, the substance was a solid. After the process, it was a liquid.

• Before the process, the substance was a gas. After the process, it was a liquid.

• Before the process, the substance was a liquid. After the process, it was a solid.

• Before the process, the substance was a liquid. After the process, it was a gas.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4