Earth Science Geology, the Environment, and the Universe Reading Comprehension

What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth’s layers?

• crust, outer core, inner core, mantle

• mantle, outer core, inner core, crust

• crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

• outer core, inner core, crust, mantle

In sea-floor spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts

• along the edges of all the continents.

• along mid-ocean ridges.

• in deep-ocean trenches.

• at the north and south poles.

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The process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle is known as _______

• convection.

• continental drift.

• subduction.

• conduction.

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Most geologists think that the movement of Earth’s plates is caused by _______

• convection.

• continental drift.

• subduction.

• conduction.

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The geological theory of _______ states that pieces of Earth’s lithosphere are in constant, slow motion.

• subduction

• plate tectonics

• deep-ocean trenches

• sea-floor spreading

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A place where two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions, is known as a _______

• transform boundary

• divergent boundary.

• convergent boundary.

• rift valley.

The place where two plates come together is known as a _______

• transform boundary.

• divergent boundary.

• convergent boundary.

• rift valley.

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Below is a picture of sea-floor spreading. How are the ocean crusts moving?

• Converging

• Diverging

• Sliding

• No movement

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The San Andreas Fault in California is known as an active earthquake area. What type of

boundary is it?

• Converging

• Diverging

• Transform

• Sea Floor Spreading

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How is it possible for new crust to be formed without increasing the surface area of the Earth?

• Crust is destroyed at the same time it is created

• New crust is underwater where it sinks

• New crust breaks more easily than old crust

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