Cell Differentiation

Which of the following best describes stem cells?

• Cells that have already differentiated

• Cells that cannot undergo cell division

• Cells that have been mutated

• Original human cells that are able to develop into specialized cells

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

During the process of differentiation

• all sections of DNA are activated to determine the structure of a body cell

• ONLY ONE section of DNA are deactivated to determine the structure of a body cell

• only specific sections of DNA sequence are activated to determine the structure and functions of a body cell

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Hair cell and nerve cell have identical DNA. The DNA is changed in skin cell to perform a specific function such as protection.

• True

• False

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

The process of a simple cell becoming more specialized is called -

• transcription

• translation

• cell multiplication

• cell differentiation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Differentiation occurs when genes are expressed, and genes are expressed when proteins are made by the cell. The role of DNA in cell differentiation is -

• DNA speeds up cell division

• DNA deactivates mutant cells

• DNA has the code for making proteins

• DNA regulates the temperature of the cell

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Select all answers below that describe how cell differentiation and gene expression play a vital role at each stage of embryonic development.

• By assigning specific functions to cells

• By recognizing foreign invaders in the body

• By regulating the proteins produced by cells

• By discharging waste matter from the cell

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

_________ instruct the cell on how and when to build the proteins that allow it to build structures and perform its specialized functions.

• proteins

• genes

• ribosomes

• mitochondria

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Cells differentiate to perform different functions because

• all genes are turned on inside that cell

• all genes are turned off inside that cell

• different genes are turned on inside that cell

• different genes are turned on or off inside that cell

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Which best explains why muscle cells are different from blood cells?

• Muscle cells are produced by the brain, but blood cells are produced by the heart. 

• Different genes are activated in muscle cells than in blood cells. 

• Muscles cells experience different environmental influences than blood cells. 

• A mutation occurs during the development of muscle cells but not in blood cells. 

Answer explanation

Muscle cells and blood cells differ in gene activation.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Cell differentiation is critical during embryonic development. The process of cell differentiation results in the production of many different kinds of specialized cells. This process is most directly influenced by

• DNA

• Lipids

• Carbohydrates

• ATP

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4