Biology Semester I Midterm Review

The process that releases nitrogen into the atmosphere by means of bacteria converting nitrogen compounds into its gaseous form is called:

• Denitrification

• Eutrophication

• Nitrogen fixation

• Ammoniafication

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What is lost to the environment at each of the trophic levels of this ecosystem?

• Nutrients from the soil

• Food sources

• Living space for the organisms

• Heat

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A food web is shown above. If the rabbit population increases, which of the following is most likely to happen soon afterward?

• The deer population will increase.

• The plant population will decrease.

• Different birds will move into the area.

• The insect population will be eliminated.

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A science class is planning a field trip to a local farm that has a large pond. Which of the following lists the order of biological organization from smallest to largest that the students can expect to find at the pond?

• Organism, community, population, ecosystem

• Organism, population, community, ecosystem

• Population, organism, community, ecosystem

• Population, organism, ecosystem, community

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The rocky material left behind by a retreating glacier forms what is called a moraine. When primary succession occurs on a moraine, which life-forms will help create the soil by breaking down bare rock?

• Insects

• Lichens

• Grasses

• Deciduous trees

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The picture illustrates the process in which ecological succession occurs after wild fire. In which stage will the forest ecosystem be most stable?

• I

• II

• IV

• V

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A remora is a fish that has an adhesive disk on the back of its head that it uses to attach itself to a large shark. When food floats away from the shark’s mouth as it feeds, the remora collects the scraps. Drawings of a shark with a remora attached and a remora’s adhesive disk are shown below.

The relationship between the remora and the shark is an example of —

• predation

• parasitism

• commensalism

• competition

Which answer choice best describes a community?

• Praying mantises caring for their young

• Three-spined sticklebacks living in estuaries

• Different species of lizards occupying the same niche in a desert

• Roosting mother bats recognizing their offspring

What is not a possible effect of overfishing?

• A reduction in marine diversity

• Causing some species to become endangered

• An increase in marine diversity

• Collapsing an entire marine ecosystem

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Deforestation is the process by which natural forests are cleared through human activity. Sometimes, the trees are cut down and used to make a variety of products, including lumber for building homes, paper, and furniture. A second way forests are cleared is through burning. Burning the forest helps clear the land for other uses.

What is an effect that can be caused by deforestation?

• Increased biodiversity

• Decreased soil erosion

• Stabilization of the water cycle

• Release of greenhouse gases

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