Evidence for Evolution (notes)

Which of the following is a characteristic of homologous structures?

• Different body parts shared by the same species

• Shows evidence of a common ancestor

• Same functions, different structures

• Unique to each species

True or False: Homologous structures have the same basic structure but different functions.

• True

• False

Which of the following best describes analogous structures?

• Structures with similar ancestral origin

• Structures that exhibit similar functions but are not derived from a common ancestor

• Structures that look alike due to common ancestry

• Structures that have entirely different functions

Which of the following is an example of analogous structures?

• Wings in birds, bats, and butterflies

• Legs in mammals and reptiles

• Roots in plants and fungi

• Leaves in trees and shrubs.

Vestigial structures are remnants of organs that have lost most or all of their original function.

• Remnants of organs that have lost their original function

• New structures developed by evolution

• Highly functional organs with active roles

• Structures that have no relation to ancestral forms

Which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure in humans?

• Heart

• Tailbone (coccyx)

• Brain

• Liver

What is true of vestigial structures?

• They indicate traits inherited from ancestors that have lost their original function.

• They actively contribute to the organism's survival by serving a current function.

• They are newly evolved adaptations.

• They are mutations with no evolutionary significance.

Which of the following is NOT a vestigial structure in humans?

• Wisdom teeth

• Appendix

• Goosebumps

• Lungs

Fossils are usually found in...

• Sedimentary rocks

• Igneous rocks

• Metamorphic rocks

• Volcanic areas

What are the two main methods scientists use for dating fossils?

• Relative dating and Absolute dating

• Absolute dating and Stratigraphic dating

• Carbon dating and Dendrochronology

• Magnetic dating and Thermoluminescence dating