Bio - Unit 1, Chapter 3, Lessons 1 & 2

What is a climax community?

• A community that frequently changes species over time

• A stable, mature community with little or no change in species over time

• A community that is in the early stages of development

• A community that is dominated by a single species

What is a community in ecological terms?

• A single organism living in an area

• A group of the same species living together

• A group of interacting populations living in the same geographic area at the same time

• The entire ecosystem including abiotic factors

What is ecological succession?

• The process by which one community replaces another due to changing abiotic and biotic factors.

• The process of photosynthesis in plants.

• The migration of animals from one habitat to another.

• The cycle of water through the environment.

What are pioneer species?

• First species to populate an area during succession

• Last species to populate an area during succession

• Species that never populate an area

• Species that only populate aquatic areas

What is primary succession?

• Succession that begins in an area with existing soil and plants.

• Succession that begins in an area of exposed rock without topsoil.

• Succession that occurs in a pond or lake.

• Succession that happens quickly in a forest.

Which organisms are typically the first to colonize bare rock in primary succession?

• Trees and shrubs

• Grasses and flowers

• Lichens and mosses

• Fish and amphibians

How would you describe the speed of primary succession?

• It happens very quickly.

• It happens moderately fast.

• It happens relatively slowly.

• It happens instantly.

What is secondary succession?

• Succession that occurs in undisturbed areas.

• Succession that begins with bare rock.

• Succession that occurs in areas that have been disturbed and begins with soil.

• Succession that happens very slowly.

Which of the following events can lead to secondary succession?

• Earthquake

• Fire

• Volcanic eruption

• Glacier retreat

How does secondary succession differ from primary succession?

• It begins with bare rock.

• It happens very slowly.

• It begins with soil and happens relatively fast.

• It occurs in undisturbed areas.