Flashcards for IB Psychology Paper 3

What are the three key areas assessed in IB Psychology Paper 3?

Answer explanation

The three key areas assessed in IB Psychology Paper 3 are research methods, qualitative research, and the evaluation of research studies. These areas focus on understanding and applying psychological research techniques.

What does M.O.D.E.L. stand for in identifying research methods?

• Method Type (Experiment, Case Study, Survey, etc.)

• Objective (Purpose of the method in the study)

• Data Collection (Qualitative vs. Quantitative)

• Examples (Provide an example of this method)

• Limitations (Consider reliability, bias, or validity issues)

Answer explanation

M.O.D.E.L. stands for Method Type, Objective, Data Collection, Examples, and Limitations, which are essential components for identifying and evaluating research methods.

What are the key research methods used in psychology?

• Experiments (Lab, Field, Natural, Quasi)

• Case Studies

• Observations (Covert, Overt, Participant, Non-Participant)

• Interviews (Structured, Semi-Structured, Unstructured)

• Surveys

Answer explanation

Key research methods in psychology include experiments, case studies, observations, interviews, and surveys. Each method provides unique insights into behavior and mental processes, making them essential for psychological research.

What does S.T.A.R.T. stand for in sampling methods?

• Sampling Method (Random, Opportunity, Snowball, etc.)

• Target Population (Who is being studied?)

• Advantages (Strengths of the method)

• Relevance (Why is this method suitable?)

• Threats to Validity (Bias, representativeness issues)

Answer explanation

S.T.A.R.T. in sampling methods stands for Sampling Method, Target Population, Advantages, Relevance, and Threats to Validity, highlighting key aspects to consider when designing a study.

What are the main types of sampling methods?

• Random Sampling – Every participant has an equal chance of selection.

• Opportunity Sampling – Selecting participants available at the time.

• Volunteer Sampling – Participants choose to take part in the study.

• Snowball Sampling – Existing participants recruit new ones.

• Purposive Sampling – Participants are chosen based on specific characteristics.

Answer explanation

The main types of sampling methods include Random Sampling, Opportunity Sampling, Volunteer Sampling, Snowball Sampling, and Purposive Sampling, each with distinct selection criteria for participants.

What does A.D.A.P.T. stand for in suggesting alternative research methods?

• Alternative Method (Propose another research method)

• Data Type (Qualitative or Quantitative)

• Added Value (What does this method improve?)

• Practicality (Is it feasible, ethical, useful?)

• Tackling Limitations (How does it address the study’s weaknesses?)

Answer explanation

A.D.A.P.T. stands for Alternative Method, Data Type, Added Value, Practicality, and Tackling Limitations, which collectively suggest comprehensive alternative research methods.

What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative research?

Answer explanation

Qualitative research focuses on understanding concepts and experiences through non-numerical data, while quantitative research emphasizes measuring and analyzing numerical data to identify patterns and test hypotheses.

How does triangulation improve research credibility?

Answer explanation

Triangulation enhances research credibility by using multiple methods or data sources to cross-verify findings, reducing bias and increasing the reliability of results.

What does C.A.R. D.U.D. stand for in ethical considerations?

• Undue Stress or Harm (Minimize psychological and physical harm)

• Consent (Participants should give informed consent)

• Anonymity (Protect participant identities)

• Right to Withdraw (Participants can leave at any time)

• Debriefing (Explain the study’s true purpose after participation)

Answer explanation

C.A.R. D.U.D. stands for ethical principles ensuring participant welfare: minimizing undue stress or harm, obtaining consent, ensuring anonymity, allowing the right to withdraw, and providing debriefing after the study.

What are the two types of ethical consideration questions in Paper 3?

Answer explanation

The two types of ethical consideration questions in Paper 3 are 'ethical issues' and 'ethical implications'. These focus on the moral aspects of research and its consequences.