AP Psychology Unit 7

Carla tutors other students because she likes to be helpful, whereas Jane tutors classmates strictly for pay. Their behaviors demonstrate the difference between

• primary and secondary drives

• instinctive and derived drives

• appetitive and aversive motivation

• intrinsic and extrinsic motivation

• I don't know

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'cognitive dissonance'?

• A) The discomfort experienced when holding conflicting thoughts

• B) The ability to focus on multiple tasks simultaneously

• C) The process of encoding information into memory

• D) The tendency to conform to group norms

In the context of social psychology, what is the 'bystander effect'?

• A) The tendency to help others in emergency situations

• B) The likelihood of a person to conform to group pressure

• C) The decreased likelihood of helping behavior in the presence of others

• D) The increase in aggressive behavior when in a group

What does the term 'social loafing' refer to?

• A) The tendency to work harder in a group than alone

• B) The reduction in individual effort when working in a group

• C) The increase in productivity when working in a team

• D) The tendency to take on leadership roles in group settings

Which theory explains why people are motivated to reduce discomfort caused by inconsistent thoughts?

• A) Social Identity Theory

• B) Cognitive Dissonance Theory

• C) Attribution Theory

• D) Social Comparison Theory

What is the 'foot-in-the-door' phenomenon?

• A) The tendency to agree to a large request after agreeing to a small one

• B) The tendency to reject a large request and then accept a smaller one

• C) The inclination to conform to the opinions of a group

• D) The tendency to comply with authority figures

Which of the following is an example of 'groupthink'?

• A) A group makes a poor decision due to the desire for harmony

• B) A group debates thoroughly before making a decision

• C) A group splits into factions with differing opinions

• D) A group makes a decision based on majority vote

What does the term 'self-fulfilling prophecy' mean in social psychology?

• A) A belief that leads to its own fulfillment

• B) A prediction that has no impact on outcomes

• C) A prophecy that is proven false over time

• D) A belief that is based on factual evidence

Which of the following best describes 'social facilitation'?

• A) Improved performance on tasks in the presence of others

• B) Decreased performance on tasks when alone

• C) The tendency to perform worse in front of an audience

• D) The inclination to avoid social interactions

What is the 'halo effect' in social perception?

• A) The tendency to let one positive trait influence overall perception

• B) The inclination to focus on negative traits

• C) The ability to accurately judge someone's character

• D) The tendency to remember only the first impression