Earth Science Final 2

The diagram below shows sedimentary rock layers containing fossils. Which best identifies the rock layer containing the oldest fossil and the oldest rock?

• Layer W

• Layer X

• Layer Y

• Layer Z

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

Which statement is true?

• The oldest layers of rock and soil are closest to the surface of the earth.

• The youngest layers of rock and soil are farther away from the surface of the earth.

• Carbon-14 dating is an example of relative dating, and the law of superposition is an example of absolute dating.

• Absolute geologic dating and relative geologic dating are two methods used by scientists to determine the age of geologic evidence.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

The diagram below shows the eras and periods of the geologic time scale. Dinosaurs lived about 70 million years ago. Which era did dinosaurs exist?

• A. Cenozoic

• B. Mesozoic

• C. Paleozoic

• D. Precambrian

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

Which explains the relative age of the fish fossil located in Rock Layer 4?

• A. The Fish fossil is older than Rock Layer 5 and Trilobites.

• B. The Fish fossil is older than Rock Layer 3 and Amphibians.

• C. The Fish fossil is younger than Rock Layer 1 and Mammals.

• D. The Fish fossil is younger than Rock Layer 2 and Dinosaurs.

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Most of the coal on earth was formed around 300 million years ago. In which period did the coal most likely form?

• A. Cambrian

• B. Carboniferous

• C. Devonian

• D. Triassic

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

The diagram below shows layers of sedimentary rock with fossils. Which best explains the events represented?

• Fossil 6 is older than any of the other fossils in the rock layers.

• Fossil 3 is younger than fossil 4 but older than fossil 6.

• Fossil 1 is older than fossil 5 but younger than fossil 3.

• Fossil 1 and fossil 5 lived at the same exact time.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

Fossils of fish have been found in areas far away from modern day rivers or oceans. Which best explains the location of these fossils?

• Severe drought has impacted the land.

• Increased rainfall caused floods that brought fish onto the land.

• Oceans covered more of the land because sea level was higher in the past.

• Animals hunting fish carried them from their habitats and discarded the bones.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

Based on the diagram, which rock layers were most likely formed at the same time?

• A. Q and R

• B. Q and Y

• C. R and X

• D. R and Z

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

The diagram below shows the present placement of rock layers. Which explains the formation of H?

• A. J occurred after the formation of H.

• B. Rock layer I was deposited after the formation of H.

• C. Rock layer M was deposited after the formation of H.

• D. G broke and shifted the rock layers before the formation of H.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

How is evidence used to yield the most accurate history of Earth?

• Sedimentary rock layers containing fossils would help determine the habitat during each time period.

• Metamorphic formations containing faults would help determine the habitat during each time period.

• Igneous rock intrusions containing fossils would help determine the habitat during each time period.

• Ice cores containing faults would help determine the habitat during each time period.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1