Physical Science Chapter 10 Lesson 3 Questions

What was the main goal of the alchemists as depicted in the painting from around 1570?

• To create life

• To turn lead into gold

• To discover new planets

• To invent the telescope.

The alchemists in the painting tried to use chemical reactions to make ______.

• silver

• gold

• copper

• iron

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What is transmutation?

• The conversion of atoms of one element to atoms of another

• The splitting of an atom into smaller parts

• The combination of two atoms into one

• The release of energy from an atom.

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Scientists can perform artificial transmutations by bombarding atomic nuclei with high-energy particles such as ______.

• electrons

• protons

• photons

• quarks

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What type of change does transmutation involve?

• Chemical change

• Nuclear change

• Physical change

• Biological change

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Nuclear decay is an example of a transmutation that occurs ______.

• artificially

• naturally

• chemically

• physically

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What was the first artificial transmutation performed by Ernest Rutherford?

• Exposing nitrogen gas to alpha particles

• Exposing oxygen gas to beta particles

• Exposing hydrogen gas to gamma rays

• Exposing helium gas to neutrons

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Fill in the blank: In the nuclear reaction performed by Ernest Rutherford, nitrogen nuclei absorbed some of the ______ particles.

• beta

• gamma

• alpha

• delta

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What are transuranium elements?

• Elements with atomic numbers less than 92

• Elements with atomic numbers greater than 92

• Elements with atomic numbers equal to 92

• Elements with atomic numbers greater than 100.

Scientists can synthesize a transuranium element by the artificial transmutation of a ________ element.

• heavier

• lighter

• equal

• stable

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