What is the structure of a quantitative research report?

A structure determined by the participant

What type of data is collected in mixed-methods research?

Both qualitative and quantitative

Neither qualitative nor quantitative

What is the definition of positivism?

Sometimes called the scientific method

A more recent worldview than the others

Seeks to understand subjective meanings

Seeks to understand the nature of reality

What is the definition of social constructivism?

Seeks understanding of the world in which they live and work

The traditional form of research

The integration of qualitative and quantitative data

A focus on the testing of theories

What is the definition of the transformative worldview?

Arose from individuals who felt that the postpositivist assumptions imposed structural laws and theories that did not fit marginalized individuals

The traditional form of research

The integration of qualitative and quantitative data

Seeks to understand the consequences of actions

What is the definition of pragmatism?

Not committed to any one system of philosophy and reality

The traditional form of research

Seeks understanding of the subjective meanings of the world

Is focused on understanding a single reality

The subject of a proposed study

What is a researchable topic?

A topic with participants willing to serve and resources available

A topic with a clear research question

A topic that is easy to research

What is the most important factor when considering if a topic should be researched?

If the topic adds to the research knowledge in the literature

If the topic is interesting to others

If the topic is easy to research

What is the definition of variables in quantitative research?

Can be measured, typically on instruments, so that numbered data can be analyzed using statistical procedures

The process of examining subjective meanings

The process of research that involves emerging questions and procedures

The process of testing a hypothesis

What is the primary purpose of a literature review in research?

To situate your study within the existing body of knowledge and show how it contributes to the ongoing scholarly conversation

To summarize every single study ever conducted on your topic

To demonstrate your ability to find academic source

To prove that your research topic is completely original.

Which of the following is NOT a typical reason to include a literature review in a research study?

To showcase impressive academic vocabulary

To identify gaps in the current research

To provide a theoretical framework for your study

To compare your findings to previous research results

What is the recommended first step when starting a literature review?

Identify key words related to your research topic

Begin writing summaries of the most relevant articles

Choose an appropriate citation style (e.g., APA)

Search a general-purpose database like Google Scholar

When writing an abstract for a research study, what information should be included?

A concise summary of the problem, purpose, sample, key results, and implications

Only the key results and their statistical significance

A detailed critique of the study's methodology

An exhaustive list of all references cited in the study

What is the primary purpose of a "Definition of Terms" section in a research proposal?

To provide clear definitions of key terms that may be unfamiliar to readers

To define every single term used in your research proposal

To demonstrate your understanding of complex terminology

To introduce and define potential variables for your study

In qualitative research, where is the literature review typically placed?

The placement varies; it can be in the introduction, a separate section, or even at the end

Always in a separate chapter dedicated to the literature review

Only in the introduction to provide context for the research problem

Qualitative research does not typically include a literature review

How is the literature typically used in quantitative research?

Deductively, to build a foundation for research questions or hypotheses

Sparingly, to avoid biasing the researcher's perspective

Only in the discussion section to compare with the study's findings

To generate new theories based on previous research

When summarizing a research study for your literature review, what elements should be included?

A concise overview of the problem, purpose, sample, results, and any methodological flaws

A full critique of the study's strengths and weaknesses

A focus on the study's historical context and its impact on the field

An emphasis on the researchers' theoretical background and potential biases

Which of the following is NOT a typical component of a quantitative literature review?

A detailed description of the researcher's personal experiences with the topic

An introduction that provides an overview of the literature review organization

A review of studies related to the independent variable(s)

A section summarizing the literature on the dependent variable(s)

What is the role of the literature review in a mixed methods study?

t depends on the specific mixed methods design and the weight given to each approach (qualitative or quantitative)

t is solely determined by the qualitative strand of the study

Mixed methods studies do not typically include a literature review

It should strictly adhere to quantitative research conventions

Which of the following is NOT a recommended strategy for enhancing the readability of a research proposal?

Using complex and technical language to demonstrate expertise

Using consistent terms throughout the proposal

Using transitional words and phrases to connect ideas

Presenting ideas in a clear and orderly manner

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a strong title for a research study?

It uses vague and general language to appeal to a wider audience

It is brief and avoids wasting words

It clearly indicates the topic of the study

It can be a single title or a double title

Which of the following is NOT a recommended step in the literature review process?

Focus solely on finding supportive evidence for your hypotheses

Identify key words to guide your literature search

Skim articles to determine their relevance before reading in-depth

Draft summaries of the most relevant articles

What is the primary distinction between a "researchable" topic and a topic that "should be researched"?

A researchable topic has accessible data and resources, while a topic that "should be researched" contributes meaningfully to the field

A researchable topic is simply one that has already been studied extensively

A topic that should be researched is primarily determined by the researcher's personal interests

There is no distinction; these phrases are interchangeable

In quantitative research, what is the primary role of a theory?

To offer a proposed explanation for the relationship between variables

To provide a subjective interpretation of the phenomenon

To generate hypotheses through inductive reasoning

To guide the selection of qualitative research methods

What does "causality" mean in the context of quantitative research?

That one variable is expected to directly cause a change in another variable

That all variables in the study are related to each other

That the researcher's biases have influenced the results

That the study has successfully addressed all confounding variables

Which of the following is an example of a "confounding variable"?

A variable that is not measured in the study but may influence the relationship between the independent and dependent variables

A variable that is directly manipulated by the researcher

A variable that is measured as the outcome of an experiment

A variable that is used to predict an outcome in a survey study

What is the key difference between an independent variable and a predictor variable?

An independent variable is manipulated in an experiment, while a predictor variable is measured in a survey study

An independent variable is the outcome of a study, while a predictor variable is the cause of an outcome

Independent variables are used in qualitative research, while predictor variables are used in quantitative research

There is no difference; these terms are interchangeable

What is the purpose of an intervening or mediating variable?

To help explain the process by which an independent variable affects a dependent variable

To moderate the relationship between the independent and dependent variables

To control for the influence of confounding variables

To predict an outcome in a survey study

What is the function of a moderating variable?

To serve as the outcome variable in an experiment

To mediate the relationship between the independent and dependent variables

To influence the strength or direction of the relationship between the independent and dependent variables

To be used as a predictor variable in a survey study

What is the purpose of a theoretical rationale in a research study?

To explain why the independent variable is expected to influence the dependent variable

To introduce and define the key terms used in the study

To provide a detailed review of the existing literature

To present the results of the data analysis

What is the primary reason that researchers use visual models when presenting theories?

To help readers understand the connections between variables

To make the research proposal more visually appealing

To avoid having to explain the theory in detail

To demonstrate the researcher's artistic abilities

In qualitative research, what is a "theoretical lens"?

A perspective that guides the research process, such as a focus on gender or class

A specific hypothesis that is tested using qualitative data

A statistical method for analyzing qualitative data

A type of qualitative research design, such as ethnography or grounded theory

What does it mean to use a theory "inductively" in qualitative research?

To use a theory to guide the selection of research participants

To start with a theory and then test it using qualitative data

To develop a theory or pattern based on the data collected

To apply a theoretical lens to the interpretation of the findings

ELR301_REVIEW of Chapters1-3

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ELR301_REVIEW of Chapters1-3

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English

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University

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(FPTU Cần Thơ) Đinh Cao Tường

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53 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

10 sec • 1 pt

Which of the following is NOT one of the three research approaches discussed in the text?

Qualitative

Quantitative

Mixed methods

Action research

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

10 sec • 1 pt

Which type of research approach resides in the middle of the continuum?

Qualitative

Quantitative

Mixed methods

None of the above

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

10 sec • 1 pt

What type of research is framed in terms of using closed-ended questions?

Qualitative

Quantitative

Mixed methods

None of the above

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

20 sec • 1 pt

What is the natural setting in qualitative research?

A laboratory

A classroom

The participant's setting

Any of the above

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

20 sec • 1 pt

What is the process of analyzing data in qualitative research?

Inductively building from particulars to general themes

Testing a hypothesis

Observing participants in a lab

All of the above

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

10 sec • 1 pt

What is the structure of a qualitative research report?

Flexible

Predetermined

Rigid

None of the above

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

20 sec • 1 pt

What is the process of testing objective theories in quantitative research?

Gathering open-ended responses from participants

Examining the relationship among variables

Using a flexible structure for the study

All of the above

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ELR301_REVIEW of Chapters1-3

53 questions

Which of the following is NOT one of the three research approaches discussed in the text?

Which type of research approach resides in the middle of the continuum?

What type of research is framed in terms of using closed-ended questions?

What is the natural setting in qualitative research?

What is the process of analyzing data in qualitative research?

What is the structure of a qualitative research report?

What is the process of testing objective theories in quantitative research?

What is the structure of a quantitative research report?

What type of data is collected in mixed-methods research?

Which of the following is NOT one of the four worldviews discussed in the text?

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