Religious Wars of Europe

In which era did the following person live?

CHARLES V, HOLY ROMAN EMPEROR

• 1450-1648

• 1648-1815

In France, the Edict of Nantes (1598) -

• granted limited toleration to Calvinists

• ended the state's Catholic ties

• further persecuted religious minorities

• made French-language bibles illegal

The Thirty Years War marked a turning point in all of the following ways EXCEPT

• it ended religious warfare
• France rose to power
• led to some religious tolerance
• cemented Catholic dominance

Until the beginning of the sixteenth century, criticism of the Catholic Church was focused primarily on

• relics and transubstantiation
• the refusal of the church to allow divorce
• immorality and ignorance among the clergy
• the church's refusal to allow priests to marry

The impact of the Protestant Reformation included all of the following EXCEPT

• religious fragmentation of the Holy Roman Empire
• reform of practices within the Catholic Church
• religious wars
• improved social conditions for the peasants

Henry VIII broke from the Catholic Church because of 

• his serious doubts about Catholic theology
• his concerns about succession
• his desire to protect Protestants in England
• his political conflicts with Spain

The Council of Trent

• affirmed Catholic theology but cleaned up abuses

• offered reconciliation with the Protestants

• separated the papacy from its role as temporal ruler

• allowed couples to exchange marriage vows without witnesses

The series of civil wars in France during the sixteenth century ended because of 

• success by the Catholics
• a moderate policy by Henry IV
• the expulsion of the Huguenots
• peacemaking efforts by the Pope

During the 30 Years’ War (1618-1648), France under Cardinal Richelieu pursued a policy of

• Supporting the Hapsburgs against the Protestant princes and rulers

• Allowing French Protestant princes and rulers to fight against the Hapsburgs

• Supporting the Protestant princes and rulers against the Spanish Hapsburgs

• Remaining neutral

• Opposing England in order to recapture Normandy

Which monarch created the Edict of Nantes, granting French Protestants some religious liberties?

• Henry IV of France

• Henry VIII of England

• Catherine de Medici

• Marie de Medici