Exploring States of Matter and Energy

What are the three primary states of matter?

• plasma, vapor, foam

• gas, liquid, crystal

• solid, liquid, gas

• solid, liquid, plasma

Describe one property that distinguishes liquids from solids.

• Solids can flow and change shape like liquids.

• Liquids can flow and change shape, unlike solids which maintain a fixed shape.

• Liquids have a fixed shape like solids.

• Liquids are always denser than solids.

According to Boyle's Law, what happens to the volume of a gas when the pressure increases?

• The volume of a gas fluctuates randomly with pressure changes.

• The volume of a gas increases when the pressure increases.

• The volume of a gas remains constant when the pressure increases.

• The volume of a gas decreases when the pressure increases.

What is the process called when a solid turns directly into a gas?

• Sublimation

• Melting

• Condensation

• Evaporation

What is the boiling point of water at standard atmospheric pressure?

• 120 degrees Celsius

• 80 degrees Celsius

• 100 degrees Celsius

• 90 degrees Celsius

Explain how heat transfer occurs through conduction.

• Conduction involves the movement of heat through empty space.

• Heat transfer through conduction occurs only in liquids.

• Heat transfer through conduction occurs via direct contact and energy transfer between particles.

• Heat transfer by conduction requires a vacuum to occur.

What is the main difference between evaporation and boiling?

• Evaporation occurs only at high temperatures, while boiling happens at low temperatures.

• Boiling can only happen in open containers, whereas evaporation can occur in closed containers.

• Evaporation is a chemical change, while boiling is a physical change.

• The main difference is that evaporation happens at the surface at any temperature, while boiling occurs throughout the liquid at a specific temperature.

What happens to the temperature of water during a phase change?

• The temperature of water remains constant during a phase change.

• The temperature of water decreases during a phase change.

• The temperature of water fluctuates during a phase change.

• The temperature of water increases during a phase change.

What is the relationship between temperature and kinetic energy in gases?

• Temperature has no effect on kinetic energy.

• Temperature is directly proportional to the average kinetic energy of gas particles.

• Kinetic energy decreases as temperature increases.

• Temperature is inversely proportional to kinetic energy.

Identify a common misconception about heat and temperature.

• Heat is a measure of temperature.

• Temperature can exist without heat.

• Heat and temperature are not the same; heat is energy transfer, while temperature measures kinetic energy.

• Heat is always felt as warmth.