Homework #8: Evolution of Sick Humans Study Guide Part 3

What is the role of DNA in protein synthesis?

• A) It transports proteins to the ribosome

• B) It provides the instructions for building proteins

• C) It creates energy for protein production

• D) It breaks down amino acids

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During transcription, what happens to the DNA?

• A) It is converted into an amino acid

• B) It is unwound, and an mRNA strand is created

• C) It is destroyed to make proteins

• D) It is transported to the cytoplasm

If a DNA strand has the sequence TACGGA, what will be the corresponding mRNA strand?

• A) AUGCCU

• B) ATGCCG

• C) TAGCCT

• D) AGGCTC

Why don’t humans quickly evolve to adapt to mismatch diseases?

• A) Evolution is a slow process that takes many generations

• B) Evolution has stopped in modern humans

• C) Natural selection only occurs in wild animals

• D) Humans do not experience genetic mutations

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Which of the following is not considered a mismatch disease?

• A) Type 2 diabetes

• B) High blood pressure

• C) Influenza

• D) Leptin resistance

Which factor contributes most to the increase in mismatch diseases?

• A) Genetic changes

• B) Environmental and lifestyle changes

• C) Overuse of antibiotics

• D) Lack of vaccinations

How does melatonin regulate sleep?

• A) It increases energy levels

• B) It helps maintain the body's circadian rhythm

• C) It keeps the brain active at night

• D) It stops the production of leptin

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What environmental factor has the biggest impact on melatonin production?

• A) Sound levels

• B) Temperature

• C) Light exposure

• D) Diet

What evidence do scientists use to determine common ancestry between species?

• A) Fossil records

• B) DNA sequences

• C) Comparative anatomy

• D) All of the above

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Which statement best describes natural selection?

• A) Organisms evolve based on their needs

• B) Individuals with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce

• C) Evolution occurs in a single generation

• D) All traits are passed down equally, regardless of their usefulness

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