UNIT 9 EXAM REVIEW

Natural events are events that occur naturally and have large-scale effects on the environment.

Which of the following is NOT an effect of natural events on climate?

• Natural events, such as meteor impacts, can have an impact on global temperatures.

• Natural events can release large amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

• Natural events can absorb large amounts of greenhouse gases from the atmosphere.

• Natural events, such as changes in ocean currents, can cause global climate changes over time.

Humans can have a significant influence on the environment. From burning fossil fuels for electricity to new construction in cities, there are many negative impacts that occur.

Which of the following is a positive influence humans can have on the environment over time?

• Cutting down large areas of trees for residential homes.

• Clearing areas of land in order to raise more livestock.

• Moving out to rural areas to build more buildings and businesses.

• Carpooling to work or school in order to save fuel.

A diagram of the carbon cycle is shown below.

Which of the following could be done to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and result in lower levels of greenhouse gases in the air?

• Increase the amount of trees and plants in the area.

• Increase the amount of organic waste is present in the soil.

• Increase the amount of livestock, including horses and cattle.

• Increase the amount of fossil fuels being burned at the industrial factory.

What natural processes do trees contribute to in urban areas to cool the climate?

• increasing the heat energy in cities

• releasing moisture through evapotranspiration and providing shade

• absorbing excess moisture from the air

• releasing more greenhouse gases into the atmosphere

What is the primary role of photosynthesis in the carbon cycle?

• to release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere

• to burn fossil fuels and release energy

• to decompose organic matter

• to convert carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen

What is the role of greenhouse gases in the Earth's climate?

• They help keep the Earth's temperature stable by trapping heat.

• They reflect sunlight away from the Earth, causing cooling.

• They are released only during volcanic eruptions.

• They react in the atmosphere to distribute nutrients and warmer climates throughout Earth.

According to the image, what role does the ocean play in the carbon cycle?

• The ocean neutralizes carbon.

• The ocean accepts carbon dioxide and also releases it into the air.

• The ocean converts carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide for algae to use.

• The ocean accepts carbon dioxide for fish to absorb as they take in water.

How does deforestation influence climate change?

• Trees take the water out of the air, so with less trees, there will be more water in the atmosphere. This will cause more rain.

• Removing trees removes roots that anchor soil to the ground. Without the roots, soil is eroded, and new plants cannot grow.

• Deforestation causes less greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and contributes to rising temperatures because of less tree cover.

• Without trees, more greenhouse gases are released, and less carbon dioxide is stored. Trees also help maintain the water in the air, which keeps soil moist and regulates the water cycle.

Which process in the carbon cycle involves the breakdown of dead organisms, returning carbon to the soil?

• photosynthesis

• respiration

• decomposition

• combustion

What is a short-term carbon reserve that carbon is always moving through?

• rocks

• soil

• fossil fuels

• atmosphere