Chapter 2

The first step to becoming an effective special needs or inclusive teacher is to:

• Master specialized teaching strategies

• Obtain advanced degrees in education

• Commit to respecting individual differences

• Follow strict standardized curricula

Which model of disability views a person’s condition as a “glitch” or defect that must be fixed through treatment?

• Moral/Religious Model

• Biomedical (Individual) Model

• Social Model

• Rights-Based Model

The social model of disability argues that disability is primarily caused by:

• A person’s inherent medical defect

• Society’s failure to remove barriers and accommodate diversity

• Punishment or blessing from a higher power

• A need for specialized vocational training

The twin track approach in education combines which of the following?

• Biomedical intervention and rehabilitation services

• Segregated education and mainstreaming

• The social model with the rights-based model

• A focus on academic achievement with a focus on vocational skills

According to the Guidelines for Inclusion by UNESCO, one key element of inclusion is:

• Segregating students with disabilities to provide specialized services

• Emphasizing only academic performance and test scores

• Removing barriers to learning and participation for all students

• Limiting the role of community and parental involvement

In historical contexts, the moral/religious model of disability often interpreted a disability as:

• A natural variation that required no intervention

• A medical issue needing rehabilitation

• Either a curse or a blessing

• An opportunity for individual self-improvement through therapy

Which international declaration first affirmed the right of every child to education?

• The Declaration of Independence

• The Universal Declaration of Human Rights

• The Millennium Summit Declaration

• The Education 2030 Framework for Action

In the biomedical model, the main goal of intervention is to:

• Integrate students into mainstream classrooms

• Identify and remove social barriers

• Cure, ameliorate, or rehabilitate the individual’s condition

• Promote community awareness and acceptance

Inclusive education means placing students with disabilities in general education classrooms alongside typically developing peers.

• True

• False

The biomedical model considers disability to be a natural variation and does not see it as something that needs to be “fixed.”

• True

• False